Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2021 Mar 17;64(3):1040-1052. doi: 10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00400. Epub 2021 Mar 2.
Purpose The aims of this study were (a) to longitudinally assess environmental sound recognition (ESR) before and after cochlear implantation in a sample of postlingually deafened adults and (b) to assess the extent to which spectro-temporal processing abilities influence ESR with cochlear implants (CIs). Method In a longitudinal cohort study, 20 postlingually deafened adults were tested with hearing aids on the Familiar Environmental Sound Test-Identification and AzBio sentences in quiet pre-CI and 6 months post-CI. A subset of 11 participants were also tested 12 months post-CI. Pre-CI spectro-temporal processing was assessed using the Spectral-temporally Modulated Ripple Test. Results Average ESR accuracy pre-CI ( = 63.60%) was not significantly different from ESR accuracy at 6 months ( = 65.40%) or 12 months ( = 69.09%) post-CI. In 11 participants (55%), however, ESR improved following implantation by 10.91 percentage points, on average. Pre-CI ESR correlated moderately and significantly with pre-CI and 12-month post-CI AzBio scores, with a trend toward significance for AzBio performance at 6 months. Pre-CI spectro-temporal processing was moderately associated with ESR at 6 and 12 months post-CI but not with speech recognition post-CI. Conclusions The present findings failed to demonstrate an overall significant improvement in ESR following implantation. Nevertheless, more than half of our sample showed some degree of improvement in ESR. Several environmental sounds were poorly identified both before and after implantation. Spectro-temporal processing ability prior to implantation appears to predict postimplantation performance for ESR. These findings indicate the need for greater attention to ESR following cochlear implantation and for developing individualized targets for ESR rehabilitation. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.13876745.
目的 本研究旨在：(a) 纵向评估语后聋成年人在植入人工耳蜗前后的环境声音识别（ESR）；(b) 评估频谱时间处理能力对人工耳蜗植入（CI）后 ESR 的影响程度。
方法 在一项纵向队列研究中，20 名语后聋的成年人在植入 CI 前使用助听器接受了 Familiar Environmental Sound Test-Identification 和 AzBio 句子测试，在植入 CI 后 6 个月进行了测试。其中一组 11 名参与者还在植入 CI 后 12 个月进行了测试。使用 Spectral-temporally Modulated Ripple Test 评估植入 CI 前的频谱时间处理能力。
结果 植入 CI 前的平均 ESR 准确率（=63.60%）与植入 CI 后 6 个月（=65.40%）和 12 个月（=69.09%）的准确率无显著差异。然而，在 11 名参与者（55%）中，植入 CI 后 ESR 平均提高了 10.91 个百分点。植入 CI 前的 ESR 与植入 CI 前和 12 个月后的 AzBio 评分中度且显著相关，在植入 CI 后 6 个月时，该结果呈显著趋势。植入 CI 前的频谱时间处理能力与植入 CI 后 6 个月和 12 个月的 ESR 中度相关，但与植入 CI 后的言语识别能力无关。
结论 本研究结果未能证明植入 CI 后 ESR 有整体显著提高。尽管如此，我们的样本中有一半以上的人在 ESR 方面表现出了一定程度的改善。在植入前后，一些环境声音的识别效果都较差。植入前的频谱时间处理能力似乎可以预测植入后的 ESR 表现。这些发现表明，需要更加关注植入 CI 后的 ESR，并为 ESR 康复制定个体化目标。
