Joshi Saurabh, Gogate Parag R, Moreira Paulo F, Giudici Reinaldo
Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2017 Nov;39:645-653. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.05.029. Epub 2017 May 19.
In the present work, high speed homogenizer has been used for the intensification of biodiesel synthesis from soybean oil and waste cooking oil (WCO) used as a sustainable feedstock. High acid value waste cooking oil (27mg of KOH/g of oil) was first esterified with methanol using sulphuric acid as catalyst in two stages to bring the acid value to desired value of 1.5mg of KOH/g of oil. Transesterification of soybean oil (directly due to lower acid value) and esterified waste cooking oil was performed in the presence of heterogeneous catalyst (CaO) for the production of biodiesel. Various experiments were performed for understanding the effect of operating parameters viz. molar ratio, catalyst loading, reaction temperature and speed of rotation of the homogenizer. For soybean oil, the maximum biodiesel yield as 84% was obtained with catalyst loading of 3wt% and molar ratio of oil to methanol of 1:10 at 50°C with 12,000rpm as the speed of rotation in 30min. Similarly biodiesel yield of 88% was obtained from waste cooking oil under identical operating conditions except for the catalyst loading which was 1wt%. Significant increase in the rate of biodiesel production with yields from soybean oil as 84% (in 30min) and from WCO as 88% (30min) was established due to the use of high speed homogenizer as compared to the conventional stirring method (requiring 2-3h for obtaining similar biodiesel yield). The observed intensification was attributed to the turbulence caused at microscale and generation of fine emulsions due to the cavitational effects. Overall it can be concluded from this study that high speed homogenizer can be used as an alternate cavitating device to efficiently produce biodiesel in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts.
在本研究中，高速均质机被用于强化以大豆油和废弃食用油（WCO）作为可持续原料合成生物柴油的过程。首先，使用硫酸作为催化剂，将高酸值的废弃食用油（酸值为27mg KOH/g油）分两步与甲醇进行酯化反应，以使酸值降至所需的1.5mg KOH/g油。大豆油（因其酸值较低，无需预处理）和酯化后的废弃食用油在非均相催化剂（CaO）存在下进行酯交换反应以生产生物柴油。进行了各种实验以了解操作参数的影响，即摩尔比、催化剂负载量、反应温度和均质机的转速。对于大豆油，在50°C、转速为12,000rpm、反应30分钟的条件下，催化剂负载量为3wt%且油与甲醇的摩尔比为1:10时，生物柴油的最大产率为84%。类似地，在相同操作条件下，除催化剂负载量为1wt%外，废弃食用油的生物柴油产率为88%。与传统搅拌方法（获得相似生物柴油产率需要2 - 3小时）相比，由于使用了高速均质机，大豆油的生物柴油产率为84%（30分钟内），废弃食用油的生物柴油产率为88%（30分钟内），生物柴油的生产速率显著提高。观察到的强化作用归因于微观尺度上产生的湍流以及空化效应导致的细乳液的形成。总体而言，从这项研究可以得出结论，高速均质机可作为一种替代的空化设备，在非均相催化剂存在下高效生产生物柴油。
