Gray Megan E, Nieburg Phillip, Dillingham Rebecca
Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, PO Box 801340, Charlottesville, VA 22908-1340, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, 1215 Lee Street, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2017 Aug;64(4):879-891. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2017.03.009.
Children and adolescents living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) represent a population that requires a unique approach to HIV care. Prevention, testing, initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART), and retention and engagement in care are critical steps. Each step requires providers to address age-specific barriers, so that successful and prolonged viral suppression can occur. Adherence to ART, disclosure of HIV-positive status, and stigma are examples of struggles faced by youth, their families, and health care providers. A multifaceted approach and thoughtful transitions of care are needed, but with sustained ART, youth living with HIV can survive and thrive with the expectation of a normal lifespan.
感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的儿童和青少年是一个需要独特HIV护理方法的群体。预防、检测、开始抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）以及维持护理参与度是关键步骤。每一步都要求医护人员应对特定年龄的障碍，从而实现成功且持久的病毒抑制。坚持ART治疗、披露HIV阳性状态以及消除耻辱感都是青少年及其家庭和医护人员面临的难题。需要采取多方面的方法并精心安排护理过渡，但通过持续的ART治疗，感染HIV的青少年有望正常寿命，能够生存并茁壮成长。
