Cupp E W, Scherer W F, Lok J B, Brenner R J, Dziem G M, Ordonez J V
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1986 Jul;35(4):851-9. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1986.35.851.
The ecology of several potential mosquito vectors of Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) alphavirus was studied in an enzootic focus of that virus on the Pacific coast of Guatemala over a four-year period. Four species-Culex taeniopus, Mansonia titillans, Culex nigripalpus and Aedes taeniorhynchus-were most prevalent during the wet season when transmission normally occurs. However, only Cx. taeniopus yielded VEE virus. The bloodfeeding patterns of these species revealed that Ae. taeniorhynchus and Ma. titillans fed almost exclusively on bovine and equine hosts. Conversely, Cx. nigripalpus was highly ornithophilic but occasionally fed on mammals. Cx. taeniopus exhibited a wide host range, utilizing both large and small mammals as well as birds and, rarely, reptiles. The versatility in feeding pattern displayed by this mosquito coupled with its ability to become infected with relatively low levels of enzootic VEE virus suggests that vertebrates other than rodents may serve as amplifying hosts in this habitat. Nepuyo virus was also isolated from Cx. taeniopus, suggesting that this mosquito might be an endemic vector of this rodent-associated bunyavirus. A single isolate of St. Louis encephalitis virus was made from Cx. nigripalpus.
在危地马拉太平洋沿岸的委内瑞拉马脑炎（VEE）α病毒的一个自然疫源地，对几种可能的VEE病毒蚊媒的生态进行了为期四年的研究。在通常发生传播的雨季，四种蚊虫——带纹库蚊、骚扰曼蚊、黑须库蚊和刺扰伊蚊最为常见。然而，只有带纹库蚊分离出了VEE病毒。这些蚊虫的吸血模式表明，刺扰伊蚊和骚扰曼蚊几乎只吸食牛和马宿主的血液。相反，黑须库蚊高度嗜鸟，但偶尔也吸食哺乳动物的血液。带纹库蚊表现出广泛的宿主范围，以大型和小型哺乳动物、鸟类以及极少的爬行动物为食。这种蚊虫所表现出的取食模式的多样性，再加上其感染相对低水平自然疫源地VEE病毒的能力，表明除啮齿动物外的脊椎动物可能在这个栖息地充当扩增宿主。也从带纹库蚊中分离出了内普约病毒，这表明这种蚊虫可能是这种与啮齿动物相关的布尼亚病毒的地方性传播媒介。从黑须库蚊中分离出了一株圣路易斯脑炎病毒。
