Edwards Beatrice J
Geriatric Medicine, Department of General Internal Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX, USA.
J Clin Densitom. 2017 Jul-Sep;20(3):379-388. doi: 10.1016/j.jocd.2017.06.024. Epub 2017 Jul 22.
Osteoporosis is a silent disease until fractures occur, patient recognition is the greatest clinical challenge. Although more than 20 million women in the US are estimated to have established osteoporosis the majority are not appropriately identified. Bone densitometry is the current gold standard for diagnosis of osteoporosis; but may not be feasible or cost-effective to recommend for all postmenopausal women. Therefore, questionnaires incorporating risk factors have been developed to aid the clinician in identifying women with osteoporosis. We will review Qfracture, CAnadian Risk for Osteoporosis Calculator (CAROC), the Simple Calculated Osteoporosis Risk Index (SCORE), the Osteoporosis Risk Assessment Index (ORAI), the Osteoporotic Self-assessment Tool (OST), ABONE, and the United States Preventive Services Task Force recommendations.
骨质疏松症是一种在骨折发生之前悄无声息的疾病，患者的认知是最大的临床挑战。据估计，美国有超过2000万女性患有确诊的骨质疏松症，但大多数患者并未得到恰当识别。骨密度测定是目前诊断骨质疏松症的金标准；但对所有绝经后女性推荐进行骨密度测定可能不可行或不具有成本效益。因此，已开发出纳入风险因素的问卷，以帮助临床医生识别患有骨质疏松症的女性。我们将回顾Qfracture、加拿大骨质疏松症风险计算器（CAROC）、简易计算骨质疏松症风险指数（SCORE）、骨质疏松症风险评估指数（ORAI）、骨质疏松症自我评估工具（OST）、ABONE以及美国预防服务工作组的建议。
