Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10001, USA.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2017 Sep 5;130(17):2107-2111. doi: 10.4103/0366-6999.211452.
The development of culture-independent techniques for microbiological analysis shows that bronchial tree is not sterile in either healthy or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) individuals. With the advance of sequencing technologies, lung microbiome has become a new frontier for pulmonary disease research, and such advance has led to better understanding of the lung microbiome in COPD. This review aimed to summarize the recent advances in lung microbiome, its relationships with COPD, and the possible mechanisms that microbiome contributed to COPD pathogenesis.
Literature search was conducted using PubMed to collect all available studies concerning lung microbiome in COPD. The search terms were "microbiome" and "chronic obstructive pulmonary disease", or "microbiome" and "lung/pulmonary".
The papers in English about lung microbiome or lung microbiome in COPD were selected, and the type of articles was not limited.
The lung is a complex microbial ecosystem; the microbiome in lung is a collection of viable and nonviable microbiota (bacteria, viruses, and fungi) residing in the bronchial tree and parenchymal tissues, which is important for health. The following types of respiratory samples are often used to detect the lung microbiome: sputum, bronchial aspirate, bronchoalveolar lavage, and bronchial mucosa. Disordered bacterial microbiome is participated in pathogenesis of COPD; there are also dynamic changes in microbiota during COPD exacerbations. Lung microbiome may contribute to the pathogenesis of COPD by manipulating inflammatory and/or immune process.
Normal lung microbiome could be useful for prophylactic or therapeutic management in COPD, and the changes of lung microbiome could also serve as biomarkers for the evaluation of COPD.
非培养微生物分析技术的发展表明，无论是在健康人群还是慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者中，支气管树都不是无菌的。随着测序技术的进步，肺部微生物组已成为肺部疾病研究的新前沿，这一进步使我们更好地了解了 COPD 中的肺部微生物组。本综述旨在总结肺部微生物组的最新进展，及其与 COPD 的关系，以及微生物组可能导致 COPD 发病机制的潜在机制。
通过 PubMed 进行文献检索，收集所有关于 COPD 肺部微生物组的可用研究。检索词为“微生物组”和“慢性阻塞性肺疾病”，或“微生物组”和“肺/肺部”。
选择了关于肺部微生物组或 COPD 肺部微生物组的英文论文，文章类型不受限制。
肺部是一个复杂的微生物生态系统；肺部微生物组是存在于支气管树和实质组织中的有生命力和无生命力的微生物群落（细菌、病毒和真菌）的集合，这对健康很重要。以下类型的呼吸道样本常用于检测肺部微生物组：痰、支气管抽吸物、支气管肺泡灌洗和支气管黏膜。紊乱的细菌微生物组参与了 COPD 的发病机制；在 COPD 加重期间，微生物群也会发生动态变化。肺部微生物组可能通过操纵炎症和/或免疫过程来促进 COPD 的发病机制。
正常的肺部微生物组可能有助于 COPD 的预防或治疗管理，肺部微生物组的变化也可以作为 COPD 评估的生物标志物。
