Hussain Muhammad Mubashar, Rauf Saeed, Riaz Muhammad Asam, Al-Khayri Jameel Muhammad, Monneveux Philippe
Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Pakistan.
Plant Tissue Culture Lab, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Pakistan.
Breed Sci. 2017 Jun;67(3):257-267. doi: 10.1270/jsbbs.16095. Epub 2017 Jun 1.
Drought is a major constraint for sunflower () production worldwide. Drought tolerance traits have been identified in the related wild species . This study was initiated to develop sunflower drought-tolerant genotypes by crossing cultivated sunflower with this species and analyze drought tolerance traits in the and populations, intraspecific hybrids, and × interspecific hybrids along with the commercial hybrid Hysun-33 under three stress regimes: exogenous application of ABA, both by foliar spray and irrigation, and 5% PEG-induced osmotic stress. populations had a significantly lower leaf area and higher water-use efficiency and leaf cuticular wax content under all treatments, and maintained a higher net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance under osmotic stress. Small leaf area and high cuticular waxes content of the wild species were, however, not inherited in interspecific hybrids which suggested for selection in F for these traits. Therefore, transgressive plants were selected in the F population to establish F plant progenies with silver-leafed canopy of which showed higher achene yield under stress condition. These results are discussed with a view to using to improve drought tolerance in cultivated sunflower.
干旱是全球向日葵（）生产的主要限制因素。在相关野生种中已鉴定出耐旱性状。本研究旨在通过将栽培向日葵与该物种杂交来培育耐旱向日葵基因型，并在三种胁迫条件下分析和群体、种内杂种以及×种间杂种以及商业杂种Hysun - 33的耐旱性状：通过叶面喷施和灌溉外源施用脱落酸（ABA），以及5%聚乙二醇（PEG）诱导的渗透胁迫。在所有处理下，群体的叶面积显著较低，水分利用效率和叶片表皮蜡质含量较高，并且在渗透胁迫下保持较高的净光合速率和气孔导度。然而，野生种的小叶面积和高表皮蜡质含量在种间杂种中并未遗传，这表明需要在F代中对这些性状进行选择。因此，在F群体中选择了超亲植株，以建立具有银叶冠层的F代植株后代，这些后代在胁迫条件下表现出较高的瘦果产量。本文对这些结果进行了讨论，以期利用来提高栽培向日葵的耐旱性。
