Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Interdiciplinary Center for Crop Plant Research (IZN) Research Group Stress Genomics, Corrensstraße 3, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany.
Gene. 2012 Sep 15;506(2):265-73. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.06.076. Epub 2012 Jul 5.
Recent developments in defining the functional basis of abscisic acid in regulating growth, development and stress response have provided essential components for its actions. We are yet to envision the impact of how differential levels of ABA influence plant growth across life cycle. Here we reviewed the information arising from the recent unprecedented advancement made in the field of ABA signaling operative under calcium-dependent and calcium-independent pathways mediating the transcriptional reprogramming under short-term stress response. Advancement made in the field of ABA receptors and transporters has started to fill major gaps in our understanding of the ABA action. However, ABA just not only regulates guard cell movement but impacts other reproductive tissue development through massive transcriptional reprogramming events affecting various stages of the plant life cycle. Therefore many questions still remain unanswered. One such intriguing question is the contradictory role of ABA known to mediate two opposite faces of the coin: regulating abiotic stress tolerance and imparting growth retardation. In this review, we critically assessed the impact of substantial elevated levels of ABA on impairment of photosynthesis and growth alteration and its subsequent influence on seed yield formation. Excess biosynthesis of ABA under stress may deprive the same precursor pool necessary for chlorophyll biosynthesis pathway, thereby triggering growth retardation. Further, we emphasized the importance of ABA homeostasis for integrating stress cues towards coordinating sustainable plant growth. Also we provided a pertinent background on ABA biosynthesis and degradation pathway manipulation to highlight the genes and processes used in genetic engineering of plants for changed ABA content.
近年来，对脱落酸（ABA）调节生长、发育和应激反应的功能基础的定义取得了新进展，为其作用提供了必要的组成部分。我们还没有设想出 ABA 水平差异如何影响植物在整个生命周期中的生长。在这里，我们综述了近期在钙依赖性和钙非依赖性途径介导的短期胁迫反应下的转录重编程中 ABA 信号转导领域取得的前所未有的进展所产生的信息。在 ABA 受体和转运蛋白领域的进展已经开始填补我们对 ABA 作用理解的主要空白。然而，ABA 不仅调节保卫细胞运动，还通过影响植物生命周期各个阶段的大量转录重编程事件来影响其他生殖组织的发育。因此，仍有许多问题尚未得到解答。一个有趣的问题是，ABA 介导硬币两面的矛盾作用：调节非生物胁迫耐受性和引起生长迟缓。在本综述中，我们批判性地评估了 ABA 水平的大量升高对光合作用损害和生长变化的影响，以及随后对种子产量形成的影响。胁迫下 ABA 的过量生物合成可能会剥夺叶绿素生物合成途径所需的同一前体池，从而引发生长迟缓。此外，我们强调了 ABA 动态平衡对于整合胁迫信号以协调植物可持续生长的重要性。我们还提供了 ABA 生物合成和降解途径操纵的相关背景，以突出用于改变植物 ABA 含量的遗传工程中的基因和过程。
