Kouotou Emmanuel Armand, Nansseu Jobert Richie, Ngono Vanessa Nancy, Tatah Sandra A, Zoung-Kanyi Bissek Anne Cecile, Ndjitoyap Ndam Elie Claude
Biyem-Assi District Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Dermatol Res Pract. 2017;2017:6216193. doi: 10.1155/2017/6216193. Epub 2017 Jun 28.
Prevalence and incidence of drug eruptions vary around the world and are influenced by some key factors including HIV infection.
This study aimed to find the peculiarities of drug eruptions in people living with HIV (PLHIV) and on antiretroviral therapy (ART).
This was a retrospective cross-sectional study including ART-taking PLHIV, aged 15+ years, followed up between January 2010 and December 2014 at the day-care unit of the Yaoundé Central Hospital, and who presented with drug eruptions after ART initiation.
Of 6,829 ART-experiencing PLHIV, 41 presented with drug eruptions, giving a prevalence of 0.6%. The M/F sex ratio equaled 0.17. The mean age was 41.07 ± 11.36 years. Benign drug eruptions accounted for 83.3%. Milder forms were essentially maculopapular exanthema (36.6%), fixed pigmented erythema (7.3%), and urticaria (4.9%). Severe forms were represented by multiform erythema (4.9%), toxic epidermal necrolysis (2.4%), and drug hypersensitivity syndrome (2.4%). The Zidovudine + Lamivudine + Efavirenz ART-protocol was received by 48.8% of patients and 69% of patients were receiving Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis. Nevirapine, Efavirenz, Zidovudine, and Cotrimoxazole were suspected as the potential causes in 43.7%, 4.8%, 2.4%, and 26.8% of cases, respectively.
Drug eruptions seem infrequent among ART-exposed HIV infected adult Cameroonians.
药物疹的患病率和发病率在世界各地有所不同，并受到包括艾滋病毒感染在内的一些关键因素的影响。
本研究旨在发现接受抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）的艾滋病毒感染者（PLHIV）中药物疹的特点。
这是一项回顾性横断面研究，纳入年龄在15岁及以上、于2010年1月至2014年12月在雅温得中心医院日间护理病房接受随访、且在开始ART后出现药物疹的接受ART治疗的PLHIV。
在6829例接受ART治疗的PLHIV中，41例出现药物疹，患病率为0.6%。男女比例为0.17。平均年龄为41.07±11.36岁。良性药物疹占83.3%。较轻的皮疹主要为斑丘疹（36.6%）、固定性色素沉着红斑（7.3%）和荨麻疹（4.9%）。严重的皮疹包括多形红斑（4.9%）、中毒性表皮坏死松解症（2.4%）和药物超敏反应综合征（2.4%）。48.8%的患者接受齐多夫定+拉米夫定+依非韦伦ART方案，69%的患者接受复方新诺明预防。分别有43.7%、4.8%、2.4%和26.8%的病例怀疑奈韦拉平、依非韦伦、齐多夫定和复方新诺明为潜在病因。
在接受ART治疗的喀麦隆成年艾滋病毒感染者中，药物疹似乎并不常见。
