Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna , Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Compunet, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy.
J Med Chem. 2018 Jan 11;61(1):47-61. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00244. Epub 2017 Aug 3.
Molecular factors from the gut microbiota provide the host with the right metabolic, immunological, and neurological components to support health and well-being. However, certain circumstances can rupture the mutualistic pact with our intestinal counterpart, pushing the gut microbiome toward a dysbiotic layout, where microbiome-derived molecules may contribute to a disease state. We are now beginning to understand the microbiota-host co-regulated pathways underlying these processes, paving the way for a new era of rational piloting of the gut microbiome functions, through the design of a new generation of microbiome-targeting drugs. Microbiota-derived metabolites are emerging as promising starting hit compounds to modulate human targets, hence triggering certain pharmacological responses. In conclusion, drug discovery targeting the gut microbiota as well as the characterization of microbiota-derived metabolites can represent innovative medicinal chemistry possibilities toward the identification of novel drug candidates, targets, and more in general innovative ways for the treatment of unmet medical needs.
肠道微生物群的分子因素为宿主提供了适当的代谢、免疫和神经成分，以支持健康和幸福。然而，某些情况可能会破坏与肠道共生体的互利协议，使肠道微生物组向失调的方向发展，其中微生物组衍生的分子可能会导致疾病状态。我们现在开始了解这些过程中微生物群-宿主共调控的途径，为通过设计新一代针对微生物组的药物来合理控制肠道微生物组功能开辟了一个新时代。微生物组衍生的代谢物作为有前途的起始命中化合物出现，可调节人类靶点，从而引发某些药理反应。总之，针对肠道微生物群的药物发现以及微生物组衍生代谢物的特征可以代表创新的药物化学可能性，以鉴定新的候选药物、靶点，以及更一般地说，针对未满足的医疗需求的创新治疗方法。
