Silva Danielle Nunes Moura, Couto Erica de Araújo Brandão, Becker Helena Maria Gonçalves, Bicalho Maria Aparecida Camargos
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brasil.
Codas. 2017 Jul 20;29(4):e20160240. doi: 10.1590/2317-1782/20172016240.
to understand the main orofacial characteristics of functionally independent elderly individuals and to investigate their association with age, gender, socioeconomic level, and dental status.
an observational, cross-sectional, and analytical study was carried out with a non-probabilistic sample. Inclusion criteria: minimum age of 60 years, individual in good health conditions according to a pre-established protocol published by the health care service. In order to collect the data, we used the validated Orofacial Myofunctional Evaluation with Scores for Aged Protocol.
The elderly individuals presented normal patterns in more than 60% of the appearance and mobility parameters. Significant alterations observed were: pronounced nasolabial sulcus; flaccid or arched cheeks; labial sealing with tension or absence of sealing; and depressed labial commissures. Alterations in mobility were few, between 20.6% and 33.8%, with higher prevalence of alterations when raising the tongue, lateralizing air inflated in cheeks and jaw. There was no relationship between these findings and the progression of age and socioeconomic classes. Women were more likely to show normal appearance of lips and some alterations in lips mobility. The number of teeth was associated with the volume and shape of lips and with jaw mobility. In addition, the use of dental prosthesis was shown to be significantly related to the nasolabial sulcus aspect and the configuration/tension of cheeks.
This study suggests normal patterns of oromyofacial system in most functionally independent elderly individuals. It supports multidisciplinary action for prevention, promotion, and treatment of the elderly population's oral functions.
了解功能独立的老年人的主要口面部特征，并研究这些特征与年龄、性别、社会经济水平和牙齿状况之间的关联。
采用非概率抽样进行了一项观察性、横断面分析研究。纳入标准：年龄至少60岁，根据医疗服务机构发布的既定方案，个体健康状况良好。为了收集数据，我们使用了经过验证的老年人口面部肌功能评估评分方案。
超过60%的外观和活动参数在老年人中呈现正常模式。观察到的显著改变包括：鼻唇沟明显；脸颊松弛或呈弓形；唇部密封有张力或无密封；以及口角下垂。活动方面的改变较少，在20.6%至33.8%之间，在抬高舌头、使脸颊中充气的空气侧向移动和下颌活动时，改变的发生率较高。这些发现与年龄增长和社会经济阶层之间没有关系。女性更有可能表现出唇部外观正常以及唇部活动有一些改变。牙齿数量与嘴唇的体积和形状以及下颌活动有关。此外，假牙的使用与鼻唇沟外观以及脸颊的形态/张力显著相关。
本研究表明，大多数功能独立的老年人的口面部肌肉系统模式正常。它支持采取多学科行动来预防、促进和治疗老年人口腔功能。
