Gameiro Gustavo Hauber, Magalhães Isabela Brandão, Szymanski Mariana Marcon, Andrade Annicele Silva
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Department of Physiology (Porto Alegre/RS, Brazil).
Universidade Vale do Rio Verde, Department of Clinical Dentistry (Três Corações/MG, Brazil).
Dental Press J Orthod. 2017 May-Jun;22(3):72-78. doi: 10.1590/2177-6709.22.3.072-078.oar.
: To investigate the masticatory and swallowing performances in patients with malocclusions before and after orthodontic treatment, comparing them to an age- and gender-matched control group with normal occlusion.
: Twenty-three patients with malocclusions requiring orthodontic treatment were included in this prospective study. One month after appliance removal, seventeen patients completed a follow-up examination and the data were compared with those of a control group with thirty subjects with normal occlusion. Masticatory performance was determined by the median particle size for the Optocal Plus® test food after 15 chewing strokes, and three variables related to swallowing were assessed: a) time and b) number of strokes needed to prepare the test-food for swallowing, and c) median particle size of the crushed particles at the moment of swallowing.
: At the baseline examination, the malocclusion group had a significantly lower masticatory performance and did not reach the particle size reduction at the moment of swallowing, when compared with the control group. After treatment, the masticatory performance significantly improved in the malocclusion group and the particle size reduction at swallowing reached the same level as in the control group.
: The present results showed that the correction of malocclusions with fixed appliances can objectively provide positive effects in both mastication and deglutition processes, reinforcing that besides aesthetic reasons, there are also functional indications for orthodontic treatment.
研究错牙合畸形患者正畸治疗前后的咀嚼和吞咽功能，并与年龄和性别匹配的正常牙合对照组进行比较。
本前瞻性研究纳入了23例需要正畸治疗的错牙合畸形患者。在去除矫治器1个月后，17例患者完成了随访检查，并将数据与30例正常牙合对照组的数据进行比较。咀嚼功能通过Optocal Plus®测试食物咀嚼15次后的中位粒径来确定，评估了与吞咽相关的三个变量：a）时间；b）准备吞咽测试食物所需的次数；c）吞咽时破碎颗粒的中位粒径。
在基线检查时，与对照组相比，错牙合畸形组的咀嚼功能明显较低，吞咽时未达到颗粒尺寸减小。治疗后，错牙合畸形组的咀嚼功能明显改善，吞咽时的颗粒尺寸减小达到了与对照组相同的水平。
目前的结果表明，使用固定矫治器矫正错牙合畸形可以在咀嚼和吞咽过程中客观地产生积极影响，这进一步证明了正畸治疗除了美观原因外，还有功能指征。
