Igarashi Kensuke, Kato Souichiro
Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-17-2-1 Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 062-8517, Japan.
Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-9 Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8589, Japan.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2017 Aug;101(16):6301-6307. doi: 10.1007/s00253-017-8421-3. Epub 2017 Jul 26.
Acetogenic bacteria (i.e., acetogens) produce acetate from CO during anaerobic chemoautotrophic growth. Because acetogens fix CO with high energy efficiency, they have been investigated as biocatalysts of CO conversion into valuable chemicals. Recent studies revealed that some acetogens are capable of extracellular electron transfer (EET), which enables electron exchange between microbial cells and extracellular solid materials. Thus, acetogens are promising candidates as biocatalysts in recently developed bioelectrochemical technologies, including microbial electrosynthesis (MES), in which useful chemicals are biologically produced from CO using electricity as the energy source. In microbial photoelectrosynthesis, a variant of MES technology, the conversion of CO into organic compounds is achieved using light as the sole energy source without an external power supply. In this mini-review, we introduce the general features of bioproduction and EET of acetogens and describe recent progress and future prospects of MES technologies based on the EET capability of acetogens.
产乙酸细菌（即产乙酸菌）在厌氧化学自养生长过程中从CO产生乙酸盐。由于产乙酸菌以高能效固定CO，它们已被作为将CO转化为有价值化学品的生物催化剂进行研究。最近的研究表明，一些产乙酸菌能够进行细胞外电子转移（EET），这使得微生物细胞与细胞外固体材料之间能够进行电子交换。因此，产乙酸菌有望成为最近开发的生物电化学技术（包括微生物电合成（MES））中的生物催化剂，在微生物电合成中，利用电作为能源从CO生物生产有用的化学品。在微生物光电合成（MES技术的一种变体）中，利用光作为唯一能源，无需外部电源，即可将CO转化为有机化合物。在本综述中，我们介绍了产乙酸菌生物生产和EET的一般特征，并描述了基于产乙酸菌EET能力的MES技术的最新进展和未来前景。
