Dumala Naresh, Mangalampalli Bhanuramya, Kalyan Kamal Sarika Srinivas, Grover Paramjit
a Toxicology Unit, Pharmacology and Toxicology Division , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad , India.
b Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad , India.
Biomarkers. 2018 Feb;23(1):33-43. doi: 10.1080/1354750X.2017.1360943. Epub 2017 Aug 10.
Nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles (NPs) with appropriate surface chemistry have been widely used for their potential new applications in biomedical industry. Increased usage of these NPs enhances the chance of exposure of personnel involved in the work place.
This study was designed to assess the ability of NiO NPs to cause biochemical alterations post-acute oral exposure in female Wistar rats.
Rats were administered with 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg doses of NiO NPs for haematological, biochemical, and histopathological studies. Biodistribution patterns of NiO NPs in female Wistar rats were also monitored.
NiO NPs caused significant (p < 0.01) inhibition of RBC and brain AchE of treated rats at the high dose. Activation of the hepatotoxicity marker enzymes, aminotransferases, was recorded in serum and liver, whereas inhibition was observed in kidney. The activity of antioxidant enzymes was also altered by NiO NPs in a dose-dependent manner and found to be significant at the high dose of exposure.
This study revealed that exposure to nanosized NiO particles at acute doses may cause adverse changes in animal biochemical profiles. Further, the in vivo studies on toxicity evaluation help in biomonitoring of the potential contaminants.
具有适当表面化学性质的氧化镍（NiO）纳米颗粒（NPs）因其在生物医学行业潜在的新应用而被广泛使用。这些纳米颗粒使用量的增加增加了工作场所相关人员接触的机会。
本研究旨在评估急性经口暴露后NiO纳米颗粒对雌性Wistar大鼠造成生化改变的能力。
给予大鼠125、250和500mg/kg剂量的NiO纳米颗粒用于血液学、生化和组织病理学研究。还监测了NiO纳米颗粒在雌性Wistar大鼠体内的生物分布模式。
高剂量时，NiO纳米颗粒对受试大鼠的红细胞和脑乙酰胆碱酯酶有显著（p<0.01）抑制作用。血清和肝脏中记录到肝毒性标志物酶转氨酶的激活，而在肾脏中观察到抑制。抗氧化酶的活性也被NiO纳米颗粒以剂量依赖的方式改变，并且在高剂量暴露时发现具有显著性。
本研究表明，急性剂量暴露于纳米级NiO颗粒可能会导致动物生化指标发生不良变化。此外，关于毒性评估的体内研究有助于对潜在污染物进行生物监测。
