Poteat Tonia, Malik Mannat, Scheim Ayden, Elliott Ayana
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, E7138, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, K201 Kresge Building, London, ON, N6B 3J6, Canada.
Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2017 Aug;14(4):141-152. doi: 10.1007/s11904-017-0360-1.
The purpose of this review is to summarize the available evidence-based HIV prevention interventions tailored for transgender people.
A limited number of evidence-based HIV prevention interventions have been tested with transgender populations. Most existing interventions target behavior change among transgender women, with only one HIV prevention program evaluated for transgender men. Studies addressing biomedical interventions for transgender women are ongoing. Few interventions address social and structural barriers to HIV prevention, such as stigma, discrimination, and poverty. Evidence-based multi-level interventions that address the structural, biomedical, and behavioral risks for HIV among transgender populations, including transgender men, are needed to address disparities in HIV prevalence. Future research should address not only pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake and condom use but also structural barriers that limit access to these prevention strategies.
本综述旨在总结为跨性别者量身定制的现有循证 HIV 预防干预措施。
针对跨性别群体进行测试的循证 HIV 预防干预措施数量有限。大多数现有干预措施针对的是跨性别女性的行为改变，仅有一项 HIV 预防项目对跨性别男性进行了评估。针对跨性别女性生物医学干预措施的研究正在进行中。很少有干预措施涉及 HIV 预防的社会和结构障碍，如耻辱感、歧视和贫困。需要采取循证的多层次干预措施，解决包括跨性别男性在内的跨性别群体中 HIV 的结构、生物医学和行为风险，以解决 HIV 流行率方面的差异。未来的研究不仅应关注暴露前预防的采用情况和避孕套的使用，还应关注限制获得这些预防策略的结构障碍。
