Erspamer V, Falconieri Erspamer G, Melchiorri P, Mazzanti G
Neuropharmacology. 1985 Aug;24(8):783-92. doi: 10.1016/0028-3908(85)90013-9.
Extracts of the skin of the Australian frog Pseudophryne coriacea (PsC) displayed potent stimulant effects on isolated smooth muscle preparations of intestine and similar effects on electrically-stimulated vas deferens preparations. These effects must be ascribed to an alkaloid, related in structure to the pumiliotoxins, a class of alkaloid compounds occurring in the skin of neotropical poison frogs. On the basis of results obtained with antagonists and blocking agents, it is suggested that the extract has a pre-synaptic, neurogenic point of attack and that it acts to facilitate the release of transmitters from nerve endings. Acetylcholine is the most important agent involved in the response to the extract by the intestinal muscle and noradrenaline in the response by vas deferens preparations. However, release of other aminergic or peptidergic transmitters may participate, positively or negatively, in the response.
澳大利亚蛙（Pseudophryne coriacea，简称PsC）皮肤提取物对离体肠平滑肌制剂显示出强烈的刺激作用，对电刺激的输精管制剂也有类似作用。这些作用必定归因于一种生物碱，其结构与箭毒蛙毒素相关，箭毒蛙毒素是一类存在于新热带区毒蛙皮肤中的生物碱化合物。基于使用拮抗剂和阻断剂所获得的结果，表明该提取物具有突触前神经源性攻击点，并且其作用是促进神经末梢释放递质。乙酰胆碱是肠肌对提取物反应中最重要的介质，而去甲肾上腺素是输精管制剂反应中的介质。然而，其他胺能或肽能递质的释放可能以正向或负向方式参与该反应。
