Curcio Bruna R, Canisso Igor F, Pazinato Fernanda M, Borba Luciana A, Feijó Lorena S, Muller Vitoria, Finger Ilusca S, Toribio Ramiro E, Nogueira Carlos E W
Departamento de Clinica Veterinaria, Faculdade de Medicine Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA.
Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA.
Theriogenology. 2017 Oct 15;102:98-107. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.03.010. Epub 2017 Mar 29.
The overall goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of various therapeutic combinations of estradiol cypionate (ECP, a long-acting estrogen) and altrenogest (ALT, a long-acting progestin) in addition to basic treatment for placentitis with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMS) and flunixin meglumine (FM). Specific outcomes measured in this experiment were (i) time from induction of bacterial placentitis to delivery, and foal parameters (high-risk, survival, and birth weight); and (ii) serum steroid concentrations (progesterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, 17β-estradiol, and cortisol) in response to treatment. Pregnant mares (∼300 days gestation, n = 46) were randomly assigned into healthy mares (control group, CONT, n = 8) and mares with experimentally induced ascending placentitis (n = 38). Placentitis was induced via intracervical inoculation of Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus. Thereafter, placentitis induced mares were randomly assigned into: (1) basic treatment, TMS+FM (n = 8); (2) basic treatment with ALT supplementation, TMS+FM+ALT (n = 8); (3) basic treatment with ECP supplementation, TMS+FM+ECP (n = 6); (4) basic treatment with ALT and ECP supplementation TMS+FM+ALT+ECP (n = 6); and (5) no treatment (INOC, n = 10). Treatments were started 48 h after bacterial inoculation and carried out for ten consecutive days. Blood samples were collected daily, and mares were assessed for signs of placentitis until the mare delivered, or for ten consecutive days after onset of treatment. Steroids were analyzed via RIA. Continuous data were analyzed by ANOVA, and categorical data analyzed by Fisher's exact test. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Foal survival at parturition and seven days post-delivery were similar across treated groups (66.7-100%), and to the CONT group. Similar to CONT group, mares in the TMS+FM+ECP group had no high-risk foals while mares in the other groups had higher incidences (50-75%) (p < 0.05). The inclusion of ECP in the treatments resulted in foals with body weight similar to CONT group (p > 0.05). There were no group effects or time by group interactions on concentrations of steroids assessed herein (p > 0.05). In conclusion, in addition to basic treatment TMS+FM, mares with experimentally induced ascending placentitis benefited from ECP supplementation. Conversely, ALT did not appear to make a difference in outcomes. The immunoassays used for measurements of steroid concentrations did not appear useful to assess treatment response.
本研究的总体目标是评估环丙孕酮（ECP，一种长效雌激素）和烯丙孕素（ALT，一种长效孕激素）的各种治疗组合，联合甲氧苄啶 - 磺胺甲恶唑（TMS）和氟尼辛葡甲胺（FM）进行胎盘炎基础治疗的疗效。本实验测量的具体结果为：（i）从诱发细菌性胎盘炎到分娩的时间，以及驹参数（高危、存活和出生体重）；（ii）治疗后血清类固醇浓度（孕酮、17α - 羟孕酮、17β - 雌二醇和皮质醇）。怀孕母马（妊娠约300天，n = 46）被随机分为健康母马（对照组，CONT，n = 8）和实验性诱发上行性胎盘炎的母马（n = 38）。通过宫颈内接种马链球菌兽疫亚种诱发胎盘炎。此后，诱发胎盘炎的母马被随机分为：（1）基础治疗，TMS + FM（n = 8）；（2）补充ALT的基础治疗，TMS + FM + ALT（n = 8）；（3）补充ECP的基础治疗，TMS + FM + ECP（n = 6）；（4）补充ALT和ECP的基础治疗，TMS + FM + ALT + ECP（n = 6）；（5）不治疗（INOC，n = 10）。在细菌接种后48小时开始治疗，并连续进行10天。每天采集血样，评估母马的胎盘炎体征，直至母马分娩，或在治疗开始后连续10天进行评估。通过放射免疫分析（RIA）分析类固醇。连续数据采用方差分析（ANOVA）进行分析，分类数据采用Fisher精确检验进行分析。显著性设定为p < 0.05。各治疗组分娩时和分娩后7天的驹存活率相似（66.7 - 100%），与CONT组相似。与CONT组相似，TMS + FM + ECP组的母马没有高危驹，而其他组的母马发生率较高（50 - 75%）（p < 0.05）。治疗中加入ECP使驹的体重与CONT组相似（p > 0.05）。本文评估的类固醇浓度不存在组效应或组间时间交互作用（p > 0.05）。总之，除了基础治疗TMS + FM外，实验性诱发上行性胎盘炎的母马从补充ECP中获益。相反，ALT似乎对结果没有影响。用于测量类固醇浓度的免疫分析似乎对评估治疗反应没有用处。
