Langton Stephen Rh, McIntyre Alex H, Hancock Peter Jb, Leder Helmut
1 Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK.
2 School of Life, Sport and Social Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2018 Sep;71(9):1860-1872. doi: 10.1080/17470218.2017.1362703. Epub 2018 Jan 1.
Research has established that a perceived eye gaze produces a concomitant shift in a viewer's spatial attention in the direction of that gaze. The two experiments reported here investigate the extent to which the nature of the eye movement made by the gazer contributes to this orienting effect. On each trial in these experiments, participants were asked to make a speeded response to a target that could appear in a location toward which a centrally presented face had just gazed (a cued target) or in a location that was not the recipient of a gaze (an uncued target). The gaze cues consisted of either fast saccadic eye movements or slower smooth pursuit movements. Cued targets were responded to faster than uncued targets, and this gaze-cued orienting effect was found to be equivalent for each type of gaze shift both when the gazes were un-predictive of target location (Experiment 1) and counterpredictive of target location (Experiment 2). The results offer no support for the hypothesis that motion speed modulates gaze-cued orienting. However, they do suggest that motion of the eyes per se, regardless of the type of movement, may be sufficient to trigger an orienting effect.
研究已经证实，察觉到的目光注视会使观察者的空间注意力随之朝着该注视的方向转移。本文所报告的两项实验探究了注视者做出的眼动性质在多大程度上促成了这种定向效应。在这些实验的每次试验中，参与者被要求对一个目标做出快速反应，该目标可能出现在中央呈现的面部刚刚注视的方向（一个提示目标），或者出现在未被注视的方向（一个未提示目标）。注视提示由快速的眼球跳动或较慢的平稳追踪运动组成。提示目标的反应速度比未提示目标快，并且发现这种注视提示的定向效应在注视对目标位置无预测性（实验1）和与目标位置反预测性（实验2）时，对于每种注视转移类型都是等效的。结果不支持运动速度调节注视提示定向的假设。然而，它们确实表明，眼睛的运动本身，无论运动类型如何，可能足以触发定向效应。
