Rafie Nahid, Mohammadifard Noushin, Khosravi Alireza, Feizi Awat, Safavi Sayyed Morteza
MSc Student, Food Security Research Center AND Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
ARYA Atheroscler. 2017 Jan;13(1):1-6.
Emerging evidence suggests a relationship between sodium (Na) intake and obesity risk. The aim of this study was to investigate the link between 24-hour (24-h) urinary Na excretion and adiposity measures in a sample of Iranian children and adolescents.
This cross-sectional study was performed among 374 healthy individuals aged 11-18 years old. Random cluster sampling method was used to select the participants from 4 districts in Isfahan, Iran. Na excretion was estimated using a 24-h urinary sample. Creatinine (Cr) level was used to confirm the completeness of samples. Anthropometric measures including weight, height and waist circumference (WC) were obtained based on standard protocols.
The odds ratio (OR) for overweight/obesity in subjects with the highest tertile of Na excretion compared with the lowest tertile was 8.01 [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.20-15.3] in crude model and 8.33 (95% CI 4.14-16.8) after adjusting for potential confounders. The association was independent of intake of energy and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). The OR for abdominal obesity in the highest tertile of Na excretion compared with the lowest tertile was 9.12 (95% CI 4.78- 17.4) in crude model and 9.75 (95% CI 4.88-19.5) after controlling for potential confounders. The association was independent of energy intake or SSBs consumption.
Our study showed a positive association between Na excretion and obesity among children and adolescents. Further investigation through longitudinal studies using a more representative sample of children and adolescents is suggested to determine whether this is a causal relationship.
新出现的证据表明钠（Na）摄入量与肥胖风险之间存在关联。本研究的目的是调查伊朗儿童和青少年样本中24小时尿钠排泄量与肥胖指标之间的联系。
本横断面研究在374名11至18岁的健康个体中进行。采用随机整群抽样方法从伊朗伊斯法罕的4个区选取参与者。通过24小时尿样估计钠排泄量。使用肌酐（Cr）水平确认样本的完整性。根据标准方案获取包括体重、身高和腰围（WC）在内的人体测量指标。
在未调整模型中，钠排泄量处于最高三分位数的受试者与最低三分位数相比，超重/肥胖的比值比（OR）为8.01 [95%置信区间（CI）4.20 - 15.3]，在调整潜在混杂因素后为8.33（95% CI 4.14 - 16.8）。该关联独立于能量和含糖饮料（SSB）的摄入量。在未调整模型中，钠排泄量处于最高三分位数的受试者与最低三分位数相比，腹型肥胖的OR为9.12（95% CI 4.78 - 17.4），在控制潜在混杂因素后为9.75（95% CI 4.88 - 19.5）。该关联独立于能量摄入或SSB的消费情况。
我们的研究表明儿童和青少年中钠排泄量与肥胖之间存在正相关。建议通过对更具代表性的儿童和青少年样本进行纵向研究进一步调查，以确定这是否为因果关系。
