Miernik A, Sievert K-D, Herrmann T R W, Netsch C, Rassweiler J J, Leyh H, Westphal J, Bachmann A, Häcker A, Homberg R, Klein J-T, Olbert P J, Schoeb D S, Gross A J
Medizinische Fakultät, Klinik für Urologie, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland.
Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Ernst-Heydemann-Str. 6, 18057, Rostock, Deutschland.
Urologe A. 2017 Sep;56(9):1193-1206. doi: 10.1007/s00120-017-0467-4.
Correct positioning of patients during preoperative preparations is essential for success of the intervention to avoid any positioning trauma and to provide the best access to the targeted structures. The appropriate positioning (and optimal performance) means that complications are avoided and also makes an essential contribution to the smooth course of the surgical intervention. A correct position is essential particularly in urology because the organs assigned to the discipline of urology are anatomically mostly difficult to reach. A further important function of the correct positioning technique is the avoidance of injuries to the patient. This article summarizes the most common positioning techniques in urological interventions with special emphasis on the explanation of practical advice, helpful tips and possible complications that can enable even junior surgeons to correctly perform the appropriate positioning technique.
术前准备期间患者的正确体位对于干预的成功至关重要，以避免任何体位创伤并为进入目标结构提供最佳途径。合适的体位（以及最佳操作）意味着可避免并发症，并且对手术干预的顺利进行也起着至关重要的作用。正确的体位在泌尿外科尤为重要，因为泌尿外科所涉及的器官在解剖学上大多难以触及。正确体位技术的另一个重要作用是避免对患者造成伤害。本文总结了泌尿外科干预中最常见的体位技术，特别着重于对实用建议、有用提示以及可能并发症的解释，这能使初级外科医生也能正确实施合适的体位技术。
