Cavalie G, Bellier Alexandre, Marnas G, Boisson B, Robert Y, Rabattu P Y, Chaffanjon P
Laboratoire d'Anatomie Des Alpes Françaises (LADAF), UFR de médecine de Grenoble, Université Grenoble Alpes, Domaine de la Merci, 38706, La Tronche Cedex, France.
Département d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologique, Institut de Biologie et de Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, BP 217, 38043, Grenoble Cedex 09, France.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2018 Apr;40(4):365-370. doi: 10.1007/s00276-017-1904-1. Epub 2017 Jul 31.
The anatomy of gubernaculum testis (GT) is often discussed; however, the postnatal anatomy of the GT or scrotal ligament (SL) is rarely described. Hence, we performed an anatomical and histological study to analyze histologically the structures between testis and scrotum.
We performed anatomical dissections on 25 human fresh cadavers' testes. Each testis was removed with its envelopes and macroscopically analyzed. Then samples were included for histological study. Finally, they were analyzed under microscope, looking for attachments between testis, epididymis and scrotal envelopes.
The absence of proximal and distal attachment was found in 56.0% of cases. Looking at the proximal attachment of the SL, the main one found is the epididymal attachment (28.0%), whereas no cases of testis attachment was found. Distally, there are more variations with scrotal attachment (12%) and cremaster attachment (12.0%). We found a significant prevalence of multiple adherences in 16.0% of cases too. Finally, in 15 cases (57.7%) an attachment is present between testis and epididymis, as it is commonly described.
In the majority of cases there is no attachment of the lower pole of the testis and epididymis and these structures remain free. So it seems that the SL disappears with aging. Moreover, there is not only one kind of ligamentous attachment, but a high variability of attachments at the lower pole of the testiculo-epididymal structure. When it exists, this structure is never a real ligament and it seems more appropriate to use the term "attachments".
睾丸引带（GT）的解剖结构常被讨论；然而，关于GT或阴囊韧带（SL）的产后解剖结构却鲜有描述。因此，我们进行了一项解剖学和组织学研究，以组织学方式分析睾丸与阴囊之间的结构。
我们对25具人类新鲜尸体的睾丸进行了解剖。每个睾丸连同其包膜一起取出并进行宏观分析。然后选取样本进行组织学研究。最后，在显微镜下进行分析，寻找睾丸、附睾与阴囊包膜之间的附着情况。
56.0%的病例中未发现近端和远端附着。观察SL的近端附着情况，主要发现的是附睾附着（28.0%），而未发现睾丸附着的病例。在远端，阴囊附着（12%）和提睾肌附着（12.0%）的变异更多。我们还发现16.0%的病例中存在多处粘连的显著情况。最后，如通常所描述的，15例（57.7%）中睾丸与附睾之间存在附着。
在大多数病例中，睾丸和附睾的下极没有附着，这些结构保持游离状态。因此，似乎SL会随着年龄增长而消失。此外，睾丸 - 附睾结构下极的附着不仅有一种类型，而是具有高度的变异性。当这种结构存在时，它从来都不是真正的韧带，使用“附着”一词似乎更为合适。
