Frey H L, Rajfer J
J Urol. 1984 Mar;131(3):574-9. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)50507-8.
In an attempt to more accurately define the role of the gubernaculum in the descent of the testis, a series of microsurgical procedures was performed in the newborn rat and the incidence of testicular descent was noted 4 weeks later. When the proximal attachment of the gubernaculum to the testis/epididymis was severed, descent occurred in 17 of 17 (100 per cent) of the testes. When the distal attachment of the gubernaculum to the scrotum was severed, 0 of 10 (0 per cent) of the testes descended. When the entire gubernaculum was removed, 0 of 18 (0 per cent) of the testes descended. When the gubernaculum on 1 side and the testis on the contralateral side were both excised, the solitary testis descended into the contralateral hemiscrotum in 34 of 45 (76 per cent) animals. When 1 testis was excised and only the attachment between the contralateral testis and its gubernaculum was severed, the solitary testis was capable of descending into either hemiscrotum. When 1 gubernaculum was completely excised leaving both testes and a solitary gubernaculum present, either 1 or both testes were capable of descending into the hemiscrotum containing the intact gubernaculum. In addition, if a testis was excised prior to normal testicular descent and a silicone prosthesis was placed intraabdominally, the prosthesis was capable of migrating into the scrotum 55 per cent (11 of 20) of the time. These data suggest that in the rat, 1) the gubernaculum with an intact distal attachment is a necessary prerequisite for testicular descent, 2) contraction of the gubernaculum is most likely not the mechanism by which testicular descent occurs and 3) intraabdominal pressure appears to play a major role in testicular descent.
为了更准确地界定睾丸引带在睾丸下降过程中的作用，对新生大鼠进行了一系列显微外科手术，并于4周后记录睾丸下降的发生率。当睾丸引带近端与睾丸/附睾的附着处被切断时，17只睾丸中的17只（100%）发生了下降。当睾丸引带远端与阴囊的附着处被切断时，10只睾丸中无一只（0%）下降。当整个睾丸引带被切除时，18只睾丸中无一只（0%）下降。当一侧的睾丸引带和对侧的睾丸均被切除时，45只动物中有34只（76%）的单个睾丸下降至对侧阴囊。当切除一侧睾丸，仅切断对侧睾丸与其睾丸引带之间的附着时，单个睾丸能够下降至任一侧阴囊。当完全切除一侧的睾丸引带，而保留双侧睾丸及另一侧的单个睾丸引带时，一侧或双侧睾丸能够下降至含有完整睾丸引带的阴囊。此外，如果在睾丸正常下降之前切除睾丸，并将硅胶假体置于腹腔内，假体有55%（20只中的11只）的几率能够移入阴囊。这些数据表明，在大鼠中，1）远端附着完整的睾丸引带是睾丸下降的必要前提条件，2）睾丸引带的收缩很可能不是睾丸下降发生的机制，3）腹腔压力似乎在睾丸下降过程中起主要作用。
