a Department of Nutrition and Dietetics , College of Health, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University , Merkez , Rize , Turkey.
b Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics , Biruni University , Zeytinburnu , İstanbul , Turkey.
Nutr Neurosci. 2019 Mar;22(3):145-155. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2017.1358481. Epub 2017 Aug 1.
The link between nutrition and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which is a complex developmental disorder manifesting itself in significant delays or deviation in interaction and communication, has provided a fresh point of view and signals that nutrition may have a role in the aetiology of ASD, as well as play an active role in treatment by alleviating symptoms.
In this review study aimed at evaluating, with scientific and concrete proof, the current medical nutrition implementations on ASD, existing medical nutrition therapies have been addressed and their effects on ASD symptoms have been discussed in light of current research.
We reviewed articles regarding the medical nutritional therapy of autism on current nutritional approaches selected from PubMed, Science Direct, EBSCO, and databases about autism and nutrition.
The research put forward that in individuals with ASD, while gluten-free/casein-free and ketogenic diets, camel milk, curcumin, probiotics, and fermentable foods can play a role in alleviating ASD symptoms, consumption of sugar, additives, pesticides, genetically modified organisms, inorganic processed foods, and hard-to-digest starches may aggravate symptoms.
Further prospective controlled trials with large sample sizes are needed before recommendations can be made regarding the ideal ASD diet. This review emphasizes the value of identifying current nutritional approaches specific to individuals with ASD and integrating their effects on symptoms to the conversation and presents suggestions for future research designed to identify medical nutrition therapies targeting this population to better understand the link between ASD and nutrition.
营养与自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）之间的联系，自闭症谱系障碍是一种复杂的发育障碍，表现为在互动和沟通方面存在明显的延迟或偏差，为自闭症的病因提供了新的观点，并表明营养可能在自闭症的发病机制中起作用，并通过缓解症状在治疗中发挥积极作用。
在这项旨在用科学和具体证据评估目前针对自闭症的医学营养实施情况的综述研究中，我们探讨了现有的医学营养疗法，并根据当前研究讨论了它们对自闭症症状的影响。
我们在 PubMed、Science Direct、EBSCO 和关于自闭症和营养的数据库中，检索了有关自闭症医学营养治疗的文章，选择了目前的营养方法进行综述。
研究提出，在自闭症个体中，无麸质/无酪蛋白饮食、生酮饮食、骆驼奶、姜黄素、益生菌和可发酵食物可以在缓解自闭症症状方面发挥作用，而糖、添加剂、农药、转基因生物、无机加工食品和难以消化的淀粉的摄入可能会加重症状。
在针对自闭症的理想饮食提出建议之前，还需要进行更多具有大样本量的前瞻性对照试验。本综述强调了确定针对自闭症个体的当前营养方法的价值，并将其对症状的影响纳入讨论中，并提出了未来旨在针对这一人群确定医学营养疗法的研究建议，以更好地理解自闭症与营养之间的联系。
