Li M, Ren Z G
Department of Hepatic Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. 2017 Jun 20;25(6):477-480. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2017.06.019.
Aurora A plays a key role in cellular mitosis. It is located in the centrosome and spindle, and is mainly involved in the processes of centrosome maturation and separation, bipolar spindle assembly, and the regulation of mitotic progression. Recent studies have suggested that Aurora A is involved in tumorigenesis and tumor development through multiple mechanisms. Overexpression of Aurora A could cause abnormal centrosome amplification, aneuploidy formation, and G2/M checkpoint defects, which result in chromosome instability and imbalance between cell division and apoptosis, and eventually leads to abnormal cell proliferation. Aurora A also participates in the regulation of the p53 and BRCA1 pathways, leading to suppressor gene dysfunction and changes in cell viability, and it induces telomerase activity by upregulating c-Myc, resulting in tumorigenesis. In addition, Aurora A also induces drug resistance in liver cancer cells. Thus, Aurora A has gradually become a new target for cancer therapy in recent years. This paper has summarized the recent studies on Aurora A, and reviewed its biological functions in cell mitosis and roles in liver tumorigenesis.
极光激酶A在细胞有丝分裂中起关键作用。它位于中心体和纺锤体中，主要参与中心体成熟与分离、双极纺锤体组装以及有丝分裂进程调控等过程。近期研究表明，极光激酶A通过多种机制参与肿瘤发生和肿瘤发展。极光激酶A的过表达可导致中心体异常扩增、非整倍体形成以及G2/M期检查点缺陷，进而引起染色体不稳定以及细胞分裂与凋亡失衡，最终导致细胞异常增殖。极光激酶A还参与p53和BRCA1通路的调控，导致抑癌基因功能障碍和细胞活力改变，并且通过上调c-Myc诱导端粒酶活性，从而引发肿瘤形成。此外，极光激酶A还可诱导肝癌细胞产生耐药性。因此，近年来极光激酶A逐渐成为癌症治疗的新靶点。本文总结了近期关于极光激酶A的研究，并综述了其在细胞有丝分裂中的生物学功能以及在肝脏肿瘤发生中的作用。
