Priyanka Kakarla, Sudhir Kudlur Maheswarappa, Reddy V Chandra Sekhara, Kumar Rvs Krishna, Srinivasulu G
Postgraduate Student, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Narayana Dental College, Chinthareddypalem, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Reader, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Narayana Dental College, Chinthareddypalem, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.
J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Jun;11(6):ZC43-ZC46. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/26380.10058. Epub 2017 Jun 1.
Alcoholism is a chronic and progressive psychiatric illness characterised by a loss of control over alcohol consumption. Consumption of alcohol inevitably affects the oral cavity, oral mucosa and teeth. Literature indicates that alcohol dependents may have increased risk of dental caries, probing pocket depth and mucosal lesions.
To assess the impact of alcohol dependency on oral health status among alcoholics in comparison with non alcoholics.
A total 76 alcoholic patients visiting Psychiatric Department were compared with matched non alcoholics. Subjects were categorised as alcohol dependents based on American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria. Non alcoholic subjects were selected by controlling for potentially confounding variables such as for cigarette, smoking and age. Data was collected by interview and clinical examination. Oral health status of subjects was assessed using a modified WHO proforma and salivary pH and plaque pH were assessed. Chi-square test was used for assessing socio demographic details and Mann-whitney U test was used for prevalence of dental caries and periodontal diseases, Unpaired t-test was used for plaque and salivary pH.
There was no statistically significant difference noted among alcoholic and nonalcoholic control group with respect to socio demographic details. Prevalence of dental caries was higher in alcohol dependent subjects with a mean DMFT of 5.92 compared to nonalcoholic subjects (4.51). Prevalence of periodontitis was higher (89.61%) in alcohol dependent subjects compared to controls (78.67%). Prevalence of mucosal lesions among alcohol dependent subjects was 31.5% which was higher than the controls (25%). Subjects who were categorised as alcoholics showed a lower plaque and salivary pH compared to non alcoholics.
Subjects categorised as alcohol dependent subjects had slightly lower mean plaque and salivary pH and a higher prevalence of dental caries, periodontitis and mucosal lesions compared with non alcoholic subjects.
酒精成瘾是一种慢性进行性精神疾病，其特征是对酒精消费失去控制。饮酒不可避免地会影响口腔、口腔黏膜和牙齿。文献表明，酒精依赖者患龋齿、牙周袋深度增加和黏膜病变的风险可能更高。
评估酒精依赖对酗酒者口腔健康状况的影响，并与非酗酒者进行比较。
将76名到精神科就诊的酗酒患者与匹配的非酗酒者进行比较。根据美国精神病学协会《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》（DSM-5）诊断标准，将受试者分类为酒精依赖者。通过控制潜在的混杂变量，如吸烟、年龄等，选择非酗酒受试者。通过访谈和临床检查收集数据。使用改良的世界卫生组织表格评估受试者的口腔健康状况，并评估唾液pH值和菌斑pH值。采用卡方检验评估社会人口统计学细节，采用曼-惠特尼U检验评估龋齿和牙周疾病的患病率，采用非配对t检验评估菌斑和唾液pH值。
在社会人口统计学细节方面，酗酒组和非酗酒对照组之间没有统计学上的显著差异。酒精依赖受试者的龋齿患病率较高，平均龋失补牙数（DMFT）为5.92，而非酗酒受试者为4.51。酒精依赖受试者的牙周炎患病率（89.61%）高于对照组（78.67%）。酒精依赖受试者中黏膜病变的患病率为31.5%，高于对照组（25%）。与非酗酒者相比，被分类为酗酒者的受试者的菌斑和唾液pH值较低。
与非酗酒者相比，被分类为酒精依赖的受试者的平均菌斑和唾液pH值略低，龋齿、牙周炎和黏膜病变的患病率更高。
