Siela Debra, Kidd Michelle
Debra Siela is an associate professor, Ball State University School of Nursing, Muncie, Indiana.
Michelle Kidd is a critical care clinical nurse specialist, Indiana University Health, Ball Memorial Hospital, Muncie, Indiana.
Crit Care Nurse. 2017 Aug;37(4):58-70. doi: 10.4037/ccn2017627.
Oxygen administration is often assumed to be required for all patients who are acutely or critically ill. However, in many situations, this assumption is not based on evidence. Injured body tissues and cells throughout the body respond both beneficially and adversely to delivery of supplemental oxygen. Available evidence indicates that oxygen administration is not warranted for patients who are not hypoxemic, and hyperoxia may contribute to increased tissue damage and mortality. Nurses must be aware of implications related to oxygen administration for all types of acutely and critically ill patients. These implications include having knowledge of oxygenation processes and pathophysiology; assessing global, tissue, and organ oxygenation status; avoiding either hypoxia or hyperoxia; and creating partnerships with respiratory therapists. Nurses can contribute to patients' oxygen status well-being by being proficient in determining each patient's specific oxygen needs and appropriate oxygen administration.
通常认为，所有急重症患者都需要吸氧。然而，在许多情况下，这一假设并无证据支持。全身受伤的身体组织和细胞对补充氧气的输送会产生有益和有害的反应。现有证据表明，对于无低氧血症的患者，吸氧并无必要，高氧可能会导致组织损伤增加和死亡率上升。护士必须了解各类急重症患者吸氧的相关影响。这些影响包括了解氧合过程和病理生理学；评估整体、组织和器官的氧合状态；避免缺氧或高氧；以及与呼吸治疗师建立合作关系。护士可以通过熟练确定每位患者的具体氧气需求并进行适当的氧气输送，来促进患者的氧状态健康。
