Alexander R J, Buxbaum J N, Raicht R F
Gastroenterology. 1986 Dec;91(6):1503-10. doi: 10.1016/0016-5085(86)90208-8.
We have examined alterations in six oncogenes--H-ras, K-ras, N-ras, myc, fos, and N-myc--in nine primary human colon tumors. Tumors were obtained within an hour of resection; as a control for each tumor, adjacent normal colon tissue was also obtained. Deoxyribonucleic acid extracted from each tissue sample was assayed by digesting with appropriate restriction endonucleases and, after gel electrophoresis and transfer to nitrocellulose, hybridizing with radiolabeled oncogene probes. Amplification of the myc locus, relative to adjacent normal colon tissue, was observed in two of these tumors; by dot-blotting, it was estimated that myc was amplified twofold to fivefold in each tumor. No rearrangements of myc, however, were observed in any of these tumors. Examination of the H-ras alleles of these nine tumors revealed that eight possess only "common" alleles of this gene, and that each was identical to its control. Normal colon DNA of the ninth patient, however, was found to possess both a "common" and a "rare" allele, and the "common" allele of H-ras appeared to be deleted in the tumor DNA of this patient. A restriction polymorphism indicative of a mutation in the 12th codon of K-ras was not found in any of these tumors, and we observed no evidence of rearrangement of amplification of the N-ras, K-ras, fos, or N-myc genes.
我们检测了9例原发性人类结肠癌肿瘤中6种癌基因——H-ras、K-ras、N-ras、myc、fos和N-myc的改变情况。肿瘤在切除后1小时内获取；作为每个肿瘤的对照，同时也获取了相邻的正常结肠组织。从每个组织样本中提取的脱氧核糖核酸，先用合适的限制性内切酶消化，经凝胶电泳并转移至硝酸纤维素膜后，再与放射性标记的癌基因探针杂交。在其中2例肿瘤中观察到相对于相邻正常结肠组织，myc基因座存在扩增；通过斑点杂交估计，每个肿瘤中myc基因扩增了2至5倍。然而，在这些肿瘤中均未观察到myc基因的重排。对这9例肿瘤的H-ras等位基因检测发现，其中8例仅含有该基因的“常见”等位基因，且每个肿瘤的该等位基因与其对照相同。然而，第9例患者的正常结肠DNA同时含有一个“常见”等位基因和一个“罕见”等位基因，并且该患者肿瘤DNA中H-ras的“常见”等位基因似乎缺失了。在这些肿瘤中均未发现指示K-ras第12密码子发生突变的限制性多态性，并且我们也未观察到N-ras、K-ras、fos或N-myc基因重排或扩增的证据。
