10个月大的婴儿对感知动作的时间进程敏感:眼动追踪和脑电图证据。
10-Month-Old Infants Are Sensitive to the Time Course of Perceived Actions: Eye-Tracking and EEG Evidence.
作者信息
Bache Cathleen, Springer Anne, Noack Hannes, Stadler Waltraud, Kopp Franziska, Lindenberger Ulman, Werkle-Bergner Markus
机构信息
Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human DevelopmentBerlin, Germany.
Department of Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzig, Germany.
出版信息
Front Psychol. 2017 Jul 14;8:1170. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01170. eCollection 2017.
Research has shown that infants are able to track a moving target efficiently - even if it is transiently occluded from sight. This basic ability allows prediction of when and where events happen in everyday life. Yet, it is unclear whether, and how, infants internally represent the of ongoing movements to derive predictions. In this study, 10-month-old crawlers observed the video of a same-aged crawling baby that was transiently occluded and reappeared in either a temporally or non-continuous manner (i.e., by 500 ms vs. by 500 ms relative to the real-time movement). Eye movement and rhythmic neural brain activity (EEG) were measured simultaneously. Eye movement analyses showed that infants were sensitive to slight temporal shifts in movement continuation after occlusion. Furthermore, brain activity associated with sensorimotor processing differed between observation of continuous and non-continuous movements. Early sensitivity to an action's timing may hence be explained within the internal real-time simulation account of action observation. Overall, the results support the hypothesis that 10-month-old infants are well prepared for internal representation of the time course of observed movements that are within the infants' current motor repertoire.
研究表明,婴儿能够有效地追踪移动目标——即使该目标会暂时从视野中消失。这种基本能力有助于预测日常生活中事件发生的时间和地点。然而,目前尚不清楚婴儿是否以及如何在内部表征正在进行的动作以进行预测。在这项研究中,10个月大的会爬行的婴儿观看了一段同年龄婴儿爬行的视频,该视频会暂时被遮挡,然后以时间连续或不连续的方式重新出现(即相对于实时运动提前或延迟500毫秒)。同时测量了眼动和有节奏的神经脑活动(脑电图)。眼动分析表明,婴儿对遮挡后运动连续性的轻微时间变化很敏感。此外,与感觉运动处理相关的大脑活动在观察连续和不连续运动时有所不同。因此,对动作时间的早期敏感性可以在动作观察的内部实时模拟理论中得到解释。总体而言,研究结果支持了这样一种假设,即10个月大的婴儿已经做好了在内部表征其当前运动技能范围内观察到的运动时间过程的准备。