Grilli Maria Luisa, Bellezze Tiziano, Gamsjäger Ernst, Rinaldi Antonio, Novak Pavel, Balos Sebastian, Piticescu Radu Robert, Ruello Maria Letizia
Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Casaccia Research Centre, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy.
Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning (SIMAU), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
Materials (Basel). 2017 Mar 13;10(3):285. doi: 10.3390/ma10030285.
In Europe, many technologies with high socio-economic benefits face materials requirements that are often affected by demand-supply disruption. This paper offers an overview of critical raw materials in high value alloys and metal-matrix composites used in critical applications, such as energy, transportation and machinery manufacturing associated with extreme working conditions in terms of temperature, loading, friction, wear and corrosion. The goal is to provide perspectives about the reduction and/or substitution of selected critical raw materials: Co, W, Cr, Nb and Mg.
在欧洲,许多具有高社会经济效益的技术面临着材料需求问题,而这些需求往往受到供需中断的影响。本文概述了关键应用中使用的高价值合金和金属基复合材料中的关键原材料,这些关键应用包括能源、运输以及与温度、负载、摩擦、磨损和腐蚀等极端工作条件相关的机械制造。目标是提供关于选定关键原材料(钴、钨、铬、铌和镁)的减少和/或替代的观点。