Tsai Yi-Chiun, Yang Wein-Duo, Lee Kuan-Ching, Huang Chao-Ming
Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan.
Department of Materials Engineering, Kun Shan University, Tainan 71070, Taiwan.
Materials (Basel). 2016 Mar 30;9(4):246. doi: 10.3390/ma9040246.
Three kinds of MnO₂/Ni foam composite electrode with hierarchical meso-macroporous structures were prepared using potentiodynamic (PD), potentiostatic (PS), and a combination of PS and PD(PS + PD) modes of electrodeposition. The electrodeposition mode markedly influenced the surface morphological, textural, and supercapacitive properties of the MnO₂/Ni electrodes. The supercapacitive performance of the MnO₂/Ni electrode obtained via PS + PD(PS + PD(MnO₂/Ni)) was found to be superior to those of MnO₂/Ni electrodes obtained via PD and PS, respectively. Moreover, an asymmetric supercapacitor device, activated carbon (AC)/PS + PD(MnO₂/Ni), utilizing PS + PD(MnO₂/Ni) as a positive electrode and AC as a negative electrode, was fabricated. The device exhibited an energy density of 7.7 Wh·kg at a power density of 600 W·kg and superior cycling stability, retaining 98% of its initial capacity after 10,000 cycles. The good supercapacitive performance and excellent stability of the AC/PS + PD(MnO₂/Ni) device can be ascribed to its high surface area, hierarchical structure, and interconnected three-dimensional reticular configuration of the nickel metal support, which facilitates electrolyte ion intercalation and deintercalation at the electrode/electrolyte interface and mitigates volume change during repeated charge/discharge cycling. These results demonstrate the great potential of the combination of PS and PD modes for MnO₂ electrodeposition for the development of high-performance electrodes for supercapacitors.
采用动电位（PD）、恒电位（PS）以及PS和PD相结合（PS + PD）的电沉积模式制备了三种具有分级介观-大孔结构的MnO₂/泡沫镍复合电极。电沉积模式显著影响了MnO₂/镍电极的表面形态、织构和超级电容性能。结果发现，通过PS + PD（PS + PD（MnO₂/镍））获得的MnO₂/镍电极的超级电容性能分别优于通过PD和PS获得的MnO₂/镍电极。此外，还制备了一种不对称超级电容器装置，即活性炭（AC）/PS + PD（MnO₂/镍），该装置以PS + PD（MnO₂/镍）作为正极，AC作为负极。该装置在功率密度为600 W·kg时表现出7.7 Wh·kg的能量密度以及优异的循环稳定性，在10000次循环后仍保留其初始容量的98%。AC/PS + PD（MnO₂/镍）装置良好的超级电容性能和出色的稳定性可归因于其高表面积、分级结构以及镍金属载体的相互连接的三维网状结构，这有利于电解质离子在电极/电解质界面处的嵌入和脱嵌，并减轻了反复充放电循环过程中的体积变化。这些结果证明了PS和PD模式相结合用于MnO₂电沉积在开发高性能超级电容器电极方面具有巨大潜力。
