Qi Zheng, Yang Wei, Wang Yan-Fu
School of Science, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China.
Heilongjiang Province Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Institute of Multidrug-resistant Control, Harbin 150030, China.
Int J Mycobacteriol. 2017 Jul-Sep;6(3):264-267. doi: 10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_104_17.
This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in Heilongjiang province from 2008 to 2015 and provide scientific basis for the development of TB control.
The TB patients were confirmed by chest radiography and sputum examination, and the TB incidence data were from the Chinese Tuberculosis Management Information System, population data were from the National Basic Information System.
By the SPSS statistics analysis, there was a total of 280,767 cases of TB registered in Heilongjiang province from 2008 to 2015; the average annual incidence rate was 91.60/100,000, the male incidence rate was 122.81/100,000; the female incidence rate was 59.39/100,000, and TB incidence increased as the growth of age. Farmers' incidence was higher than other occupations; Shuangyashan city incidence of 122.09/100,000 was highest during 13 cities in Heilongjiang province, all above factors existed significant difference.
As a result, TB incidence was higher among the elderly, males and farmers, so it is important to promote the scientific knowledge about the prevention and treatment of TB. In particular, it is necessary to strengthen the health education of the elder aged people and improve the self-care awareness and ability to prevent TB.
本研究旨在调查2008年至2015年黑龙江省肺结核（TB）的流行病学特征，为结核病防控工作的开展提供科学依据。
肺结核患者通过胸部X光片和痰液检查确诊，结核病发病数据来自中国结核病管理信息系统，人口数据来自国家基础信息系统。
经SPSS统计分析，2008年至2015年黑龙江省共登记肺结核病例280,767例；年平均发病率为91.60/10万，男性发病率为122.81/10万；女性发病率为59.39/10万，结核病发病率随年龄增长而上升。农民发病率高于其他职业；双鸭山市发病率为122.09/10万，在黑龙江省13个城市中最高，以上所有因素均存在显著差异。
因此，老年人、男性和农民的结核病发病率较高，所以推广结核病防治科学知识很重要。特别是，有必要加强对老年人的健康教育，提高他们预防结核病的自我保健意识和能力。
