Taheri Shahrad
Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Qatar Foundation-Education City, PO Box 24144, Doha, Qatar.
Sleep Med Clin. 2017 Sep;12(3):279-287. doi: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2017.03.004. Epub 2017 May 26.
Narcolepsy is a chronic neurologic sleep disorder. Type 1 narcolepsy (narcolepsy-cataplexy) is associated with the destruction of lateral hypothalamic hypocretin neurons. It is thought that the loss of hypocretin neurons is autoimmune mediated. This is because of the close relationship between type 1 narcolepsy and HLA DQB1∗0602 and the onset of narcolepsy at a young age. Evidence suggests that streptococcal and H1N1 influenza infections (and H1N1 vaccination) may be involved in the pathogenesis of narcolepsy. There are suggestions from genetic and immune studies that the immune system plays a key role in narcolepsy.
发作性睡病是一种慢性神经睡眠障碍。1型发作性睡病（伴猝倒的发作性睡病）与下丘脑外侧食欲素神经元的破坏有关。据认为，食欲素神经元的丧失是由自身免疫介导的。这是因为1型发作性睡病与HLA DQB1∗0602密切相关，且发作性睡病在年轻时发病。有证据表明，链球菌感染和H1N1流感感染（以及H1N1疫苗接种）可能参与发作性睡病的发病机制。遗传和免疫研究表明，免疫系统在发作性睡病中起关键作用。
