Etchell Andrew C, Civier Oren, Ballard Kirrie J, Sowman Paul F
Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, MI, United States; Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
The Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
J Fluency Disord. 2018 Mar;55:6-45. doi: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2017.03.007. Epub 2017 Mar 12.
Stuttering is a disorder that affects millions of people all over the world. Over the past two decades, there has been a great deal of interest in investigating the neural basis of the disorder. This systematic literature review is intended to provide a comprehensive summary of the neuroimaging literature on developmental stuttering. It is a resource for researchers to quickly and easily identify relevant studies for their areas of interest and enable them to determine the most appropriate methodology to utilize in their work. The review also highlights gaps in the literature in terms of methodology and areas of research.
We conducted a systematic literature review on neuroimaging studies on developmental stuttering according to the PRISMA guidelines. We searched for articles in the pubmed database containing "stuttering" OR "stammering" AND either "MRI", "PET", "EEG", "MEG", "TMS"or "brain" that were published between 1995/01/01 and 2016/01/01.
The search returned a total of 359 items with an additional 26 identified from a manual search. Of these, there were a total of 111 full text articles that met criteria for inclusion in the systematic literature review. We also discuss neuroimaging studies on developmental stuttering published throughout 2016. The discussion of the results is organized first by methodology and second by population (i.e., adults or children) and includes tables that contain all items returned by the search.
There are widespread abnormalities in the structural architecture and functional organization of the brains of adults and children who stutter. These are evident not only in speech tasks, but also non-speech tasks. Future research should make greater use of functional neuroimaging and noninvasive brain stimulation, and employ structural methodologies that have greater sensitivity. Newly planned studies should also investigate sex differences, focus on augmenting treatment, examine moments of dysfluency and longitudinally or cross-sectionally investigate developmental trajectories in stuttering.
口吃是一种影响全球数百万人的疾病。在过去二十年中，人们对研究该疾病的神经基础产生了浓厚兴趣。本系统文献综述旨在全面总结关于发育性口吃的神经影像学文献。它为研究人员提供了一种资源，使他们能够快速轻松地识别与其感兴趣领域相关的研究，并使他们能够确定在其工作中使用的最合适方法。该综述还突出了文献在方法学和研究领域方面的差距。
我们根据PRISMA指南对发育性口吃的神经影像学研究进行了系统文献综述。我们在PubMed数据库中搜索了1995年1月1日至2016年1月1日期间发表的包含“口吃”或“结巴”以及“MRI”“PET”“EEG”“MEG”“TMS”或“大脑”的文章。
搜索共返回359项结果，通过手动搜索又识别出26项。其中，共有111篇全文文章符合纳入系统文献综述的标准。我们还讨论了2016年全年发表的关于发育性口吃的神经影像学研究。结果讨论首先按方法学进行组织，其次按人群（即成人或儿童）进行组织，并包括包含搜索返回的所有条目的表格。
口吃的成人和儿童大脑在结构架构和功能组织方面存在广泛异常。这些异常不仅在言语任务中明显，在非言语任务中也很明显。未来的研究应更多地利用功能性神经影像学和非侵入性脑刺激，并采用具有更高灵敏度的结构方法。新计划的研究还应调查性别差异，专注于加强治疗，检查不流畅时刻，并纵向或横向研究口吃的发展轨迹。
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