Molecular Oncology Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), E-28029 Madrid, Spain.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2018 May 1;8(5):a031542. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a031542.
signaling has been intensely studied for over 40 years. Yet, as of today, no drugs have been approved to treat mutant cancers. Since the turn of the century, scientists have used genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models to reproduce mutant cancers in a laboratory setting to elucidate those molecular events responsible for the onset and progression of these tumors and to identify suitable therapies. In this review, we outline a brief description of available GEM models for two tumor types known to be driven by mutations: lung adenocarcinoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. In addition, we summarize a series of studies that have used these GEM tumor models to validate, either by genetic or pharmacological approaches, the therapeutic potential of a variety of targets, with the ultimate goal of translating these results to the clinical setting.
信号转导已经被深入研究了超过 40 年。然而，直到今天，还没有批准任何药物来治疗突变型癌症。自本世纪初以来，科学家们一直使用基因工程小鼠（GEM）模型在实验室环境中重现突变型癌症，以阐明导致这些肿瘤发生和进展的分子事件，并确定合适的治疗方法。在这篇综述中，我们简要描述了两种已知由突变驱动的肿瘤类型的可用 GEM 模型：肺腺癌和胰腺导管腺癌。此外，我们总结了一系列使用这些 GEM 肿瘤模型的研究，这些研究通过遗传或药理学方法验证了各种靶点的治疗潜力，最终目标是将这些结果转化到临床环境中。
