Taylor-Piliae Ruth E, Peterson Rachel, Mohler Martha Jane
College of Nursing, University of Arizona, 1305 North Martin Avenue, PO Box 210203, Tucson, AZ 85721-0203, USA.
Arizona Center on Aging, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, 1807 East Elm Street, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA.
Nurs Clin North Am. 2017 Sep;52(3):489-497. doi: 10.1016/j.cnur.2017.04.004.
Falls in older adults are the result of several risk factors across biological and behavioral aspects of the person, along with environmental factors. Falls can trigger a downward spiral in activities of daily living, independence, and overall health outcomes. Clinicians who care for older adults should screen them annually for falls. A multifactorial comprehensive clinical fall assessment coupled with tailored interventions can result in a dramatic public health impact, while improving older adult quality of life. For community-dwelling older adults, effective fall prevention has the potential to reduce serious fall-related injuries, emergency room visits, hospitalizations, institutionalization, and functional decline.
老年人跌倒由个体生物和行为方面的多种风险因素以及环境因素共同导致。跌倒会引发日常生活活动、独立性和整体健康状况的恶性循环。照顾老年人的临床医生应每年为他们进行跌倒筛查。多因素综合临床跌倒评估与针对性干预措施相结合，可产生巨大的公共卫生影响，同时提高老年人的生活质量。对于社区居住的老年人，有效的跌倒预防措施有可能减少与跌倒相关的严重伤害、急诊就诊、住院、机构收容和功能衰退。
