Lozzio B B, Machado E A, Lair S V, Lozzio C B
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1979 Aug;63(2):295-9.
A reproducible metastatic growth of K-562 human myelogenous leukemia cells occurred in immunodeficient athymic (nude) mice. Although previous studies have shown that K-562 cells grow as local subcutaneous myelosarcomas which continuously release leukemia cells into the systemic circulation in adult mice, metastases were not observed. However, the subcutaneous "priming" of newborn nude mice resulted in the metastatic proliferation of leukemia cells in the lungs, kidneys, brain, and lymph nodes. Three sc injections of 5 X 10(6) K-562 cells on days 1, 7, and 14 of life produced metastases in 51% of the mice. When the initial series of injections was followed by iv injections on days 35 and 42, the incidence of metastases increased to 67%. Karyotypes demonstrated that the tumor cells retained the same human chromosome markers as those in the human patient and tissue culture. These procedures may provide a model for study of the mechanisms of metastases and for chemotherapeutic and immunotherapeutic trials against metastases of neoplasms of human origin.
K-562人髓性白血病细胞在免疫缺陷的无胸腺（裸）小鼠中发生了可重复的转移性生长。尽管先前的研究表明，K-562细胞在成年小鼠中以局部皮下髓肉瘤的形式生长，并持续将白血病细胞释放到体循环中，但未观察到转移。然而，对新生裸鼠进行皮下“预激发”导致白血病细胞在肺、肾、脑和淋巴结中发生转移性增殖。在出生后第1、7和14天，三次皮下注射5×10⁶个K-562细胞，51%的小鼠出现转移。当在出生后第35天和42天进行静脉注射，继之以最初的一系列注射时，转移发生率增加到67%。核型分析表明，肿瘤细胞保留了与人类患者和组织培养中相同的人类染色体标记。这些方法可为研究转移机制以及针对人类起源肿瘤转移的化疗和免疫治疗试验提供一个模型。
