Amoateng Patrick, Adjei Samuel, Osei-Safo Dorcas, Kukuia Kennedy K E, Bekoe Emelia Oppong, Karikari Thomas K, Kombian Samuel B
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O Box LG 43, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
Department of Animal Experimentation, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 581, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017 Aug 7;17(1):389. doi: 10.1186/s12906-017-1901-2.
The hydro-ethanolic whole plant extract of Synedrella nodiflora (SNE) has demonstrated anticonvulsant, sedative and analgesic effects. Preliminary studies conducted in animals, SNE significantly decreased stereotypic behaviours suggesting antipsychotic potential. Coupled with the central nervous system depressant effects of SNE, we hypothesized that it may have utility in the management of psychosis. The present study therefore investigated the antipsychotic potential of the SNE in several murine models of psychosis.
The primary central nervous system activities of SNE (30-3000 mg/kg, p.o) were investigated using the Irwin's test. The novelty-induced rearing, locomotion and stereotypy counts provoked by SNE (100-1000 mg/kg, p.o) were conducted using the open-field paradigm. The antipsychotic test models used in the screening of SNE (100-1000 mg/kg, p.o) included apomorphine-induced stereotypy, rearing, locomotion and cage climbing activities. The combined effects of a low dose of SNE (100 mg/kg) with various doses of haloperidol and chlorpromazine were analysed using the apomorphine-induced cage climbing and stereotypy, respectively. The ability of SNE to cause catalepsy in naïve mice as well as its effect on haloperidol-induced catalepsy was assessed.
SNE showed acetylcholine-like and serotonin-like activities in the Irwin test, with sedation occurring at high doses. SNE significantly reduced the frequencies of novelty- and apomorphine-induced rearing and locomotion; stereotypy behaviour and the frequency and duration of apomorphine-induced cage climbing in mice. In all the tests performed, SNE was less potent than the reference drugs used (chlorpromazine and haloperidol). In addition, SNE potentiated the effects of haloperidol and chlorpromazine on apomorphine-induced cage climbing and stereotypy activities in mice.
SNE, while exhibiting antipsychotic properties itself, can also potentiate the antipsychotic effects of chlorpromazine and haloperidol.
节节草全株水乙醇提取物（SNE）已显示出抗惊厥、镇静和镇痛作用。在动物身上进行的初步研究表明，SNE能显著减少刻板行为，提示其具有抗精神病潜力。鉴于SNE对中枢神经系统的抑制作用，我们推测它可能对精神病的治疗有用。因此，本研究在几种精神病小鼠模型中研究了SNE的抗精神病潜力。
使用欧文氏试验研究SNE（30 - 3000毫克/千克，口服）的主要中枢神经系统活性。使用旷场范式进行SNE（100 - 1000毫克/千克，口服）引发的新奇诱导的竖毛、运动和刻板行为计数。筛选SNE（100 - 1000毫克/千克，口服）时使用的抗精神病测试模型包括阿扑吗啡诱导的刻板行为、竖毛、运动和爬笼活动。分别使用阿扑吗啡诱导的爬笼和刻板行为分析低剂量SNE（100毫克/千克）与不同剂量氟哌啶醇和氯丙嗪的联合作用。评估SNE在未用药小鼠中引起僵住症的能力及其对氟哌啶醇诱导的僵住症的影响。
SNE在欧文氏试验中表现出乙酰胆碱样和5-羟色胺样活性，高剂量时出现镇静作用。SNE显著降低了新奇和阿扑吗啡诱导的竖毛和运动频率；小鼠的刻板行为以及阿扑吗啡诱导的爬笼频率和持续时间。在所有进行的测试中，SNE的效力低于所使用的参考药物（氯丙嗪和氟哌啶醇）。此外，SNE增强了氟哌啶醇和氯丙嗪对阿扑吗啡诱导的小鼠爬笼和刻板行为活动的作用。
SNE本身虽具有抗精神病特性，但也能增强氯丙嗪和氟哌啶醇的抗精神病作用。
