Zaman Afria, Khan Md Shamsuddin Sultan, Akter Lucky, Syeed Sharif Hossain, Akter Jakia, Al Mamun Abdullah, Alam Md Ershad, Habib Md Ahsan, Jalil Md Abdul
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Development Alternative, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1209, Bangladesh.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2015 Apr 16;15:121. doi: 10.1186/s12906-015-0635-2.
Nidrakar Bati (NKB) is an herbal remedy consisted with seven medicinal herbs widely used to cure Somnifacient (sleeping aid) in South Asia as Ayurvedic medicinal system. In the present study, pharmacological and toxicological effects of this medicine was investigated in mice to validate the safety and efficacy of the herb.
Organic solvent extracts NKB were prepared using maceration method. Effect of extracts on the central nervous system was evaluated using hypnotic activity assay. Effect of the extracts on metabolic activity, assessing involvement of thyroid was conducted using hypoxia test. analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities were assessed in mice using acetic acid induced writhing, formalin induced paw edema, xylene induced ear edema assays. Anxiolytic activity was performed using plus maze, climbing out and forced swimming tests. Effect of the extracts on psychopharmacological effect was carried out using locomotor activity tests (open field, Hole-board and Hole-cross tests). Neuropharmacological effect of the extracts was performed using motor coordination (rotarod test). Toxicological potential of the extract was evaluated using gastro-intestinal activity (gastric emptying and gastrointestinal motility tests).
The studied formulation reduced the CNS stimulant effects dose independently. In the hypoxia test, only a dose of 100 mg/kg of NKB decreased the survival time. Orally administration of the NKB (200 and 400 mg/kg) produced significant inhibition (P < 0.01) of the acetic acid-induced writhing in mice and suppressed xylene induced ear edema and formalin-induced licking response of animals in both phases of the test. NKB showed locomotor activity (p < 0.05) both in higher and lower doses (100 and 400 mg/kg). NKB increased the total ambulation dose dependently (p < 0.05). NKB, at all tested doses (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) increased some locomotion activity parameters (ambulation, head dipping and emotional defecation) in hole board test. At higher doses (200 and 400 mg/kg), NKB showed a significant increase in hole cross test. NKB showed an increase in the time on the open arms of the maze at low to medium doses (100 and 200 mg/kg). When using the Rotarod method, NKB showed a considerable increase on motor coordination of the mice. NKB produced marked gastric emptying effect and decreased gastrointestinal motility in mice at low dose.
NKB demonstrated various pharmacological effects and toxicological effects due to presence of several herbs in the formulation those are not closely fit for the effect of CNS depressants.
尼德拉克尔·巴蒂（NKB）是一种由七种草药组成的草药疗法，在南亚作为阿育吠陀医学体系被广泛用于治疗助眠药物。在本研究中，对该药物在小鼠中的药理和毒理作用进行了研究，以验证该草药的安全性和有效性。
采用浸渍法制备NKB的有机溶剂提取物。使用催眠活性试验评估提取物对中枢神经系统的作用。使用缺氧试验评估提取物对代谢活性的影响，评估甲状腺的参与情况。使用醋酸诱导扭体、福尔马林诱导爪肿胀、二甲苯诱导耳肿胀试验评估小鼠的镇痛和抗炎活性。使用高架十字迷宫、爬出和强迫游泳试验进行抗焦虑活性研究。使用运动活性试验（旷场试验、洞板试验和洞交叉试验）研究提取物对精神药理作用的影响。使用运动协调性（转棒试验）评估提取物的神经药理作用。使用胃肠活性（胃排空和胃肠蠕动试验）评估提取物的毒理学潜力。
所研究的制剂剂量依赖性地降低了中枢神经系统兴奋作用。在缺氧试验中，仅100mg/kg剂量的NKB缩短了存活时间。口服NKB（200和400mg/kg）对小鼠醋酸诱导的扭体产生了显著抑制作用（P<0.01），并在试验的两个阶段均抑制了二甲苯诱导的耳肿胀和福尔马林诱导的动物舔舐反应。NKB在高剂量和低剂量（100和400mg/kg）时均表现出运动活性（p<0.05）。NKB剂量依赖性地增加了总移动距离（p<0.05）。在洞板试验中，NKB在所有测试剂量（100、200和400mg/kg）下均增加了一些运动活性参数（移动、头部下垂和情绪性排便）。在高剂量（200和400mg/kg）时，NKB在洞交叉试验中表现出显著增加。在低至中等剂量（100和200mg/kg）时，NKB在迷宫开放臂上的停留时间增加。使用转棒法时，NKB对小鼠的运动协调性有显著提高。低剂量的NKB对小鼠产生了明显的胃排空作用并降低了胃肠蠕动。
由于该制剂中存在几种草药，NKB表现出多种药理作用和毒理作用，这些作用与中枢神经系统抑制剂的作用不太相符。
