Smith Peter K
Clinical Medicine, Griffith University Southport, Queensland, Australia.
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017 Oct;17(5):325-331. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0000000000000385.
The aim of this study was to appraise the evidence relating to dietary advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), their influence on innate and adaptive immune responses and their possible role in the increasing rate of food allergy that is being observed globally.
The western pattern of diet is high in both AGEs and their substrates and this has been increasing in the last 30 years. AGEs mimic alarmins such as S100 proteins and the high molecular group box 1 (HMBG1), binding to the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE), which in turn influences innate and adaptive immune responses. AGEs can directly cause mast cell activation and degranulation. Population data from USA and Australia have correlates with the rise in food allergy and sources of AGEs in the diet and this is also reinforced by urban and regional data within countries. The function of the RAGE receptor is inter-twined with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signalling and vitamin D levels. Activation of the RAGE receptor results in loss of epithelial integrity. Animal models studies have shown that dietary compounds that reduce the formation of AGEs can protect from the development of food allergies; however, this has not been shown in humans.
Dietary sources of AGEs and their substrates are a plausible contributor to the increasing prevalence of food allergy, which requires prospective evaluation in human populations.
本研究旨在评估与膳食晚期糖基化终产物（AGEs）相关的证据，它们对先天性和适应性免疫反应的影响，以及它们在全球范围内食物过敏发生率上升中可能发挥的作用。
西方饮食模式中AGEs及其底物含量都很高，并且在过去30年中一直在增加。AGEs模拟警报素，如S100蛋白和高分子量盒1（HMBG1），与晚期糖基化终产物受体（RAGE）结合，进而影响先天性和适应性免疫反应。AGEs可直接导致肥大细胞活化和脱颗粒。来自美国和澳大利亚的人群数据与食物过敏的增加以及饮食中AGEs的来源相关，这也得到了各国城市和地区数据的支持。RAGE受体的功能与Toll样受体（TLR）信号传导和维生素D水平相互交织。RAGE受体的激活导致上皮完整性丧失。动物模型研究表明，减少AGEs形成的膳食化合物可以预防食物过敏的发生；然而，这在人类中尚未得到证实。
膳食中AGEs及其底物的来源可能是食物过敏患病率上升的一个因素，这需要在人群中进行前瞻性评估。
