Sitompul Ratna
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Acta Med Indones. 2017 Apr;49(2):166-172.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex and chronic metabolic disorder leading to many complications. One of the most common complications of DM is diabetic neuropathy. There are many studies exploring corneal sensitivity as a potential marker of diabetic neuropathy. This review aims to explore association between corneal sensitivity and diabetic neuropathy. In diabetic neuropathy, corneal sensitivity is impaired due to low level of corneal nerve trophic factors, impaired sensory nerve fibers, and lost communication of dendtritic cell. In diabetic patients, this condition can be assessed by several techniques, such as Cochet Bonnet aesthesiometry, non-contact corneal aesthesiometry, and confocal microscopy. Few promising therapeutic targets for impaired corneal sensitivity include stem cell and growth factor therapy that can be used to prevent complication in patient with diabetic neurotrophic keratopathy. Impaired corneal sensitivity serve as a potential marker of diabetic neuropathy. Doctors, opthalmologists and internists, should anticipate the possibility of observing the following changes in diabetic patients with neuropathy by using corneal sensitivity assessment test.
糖尿病（DM）是一种复杂的慢性代谢紊乱疾病，会引发多种并发症。糖尿病最常见的并发症之一是糖尿病神经病变。有许多研究将角膜敏感性作为糖尿病神经病变的潜在标志物进行探索。本综述旨在探讨角膜敏感性与糖尿病神经病变之间的关联。在糖尿病神经病变中，由于角膜神经营养因子水平降低、感觉神经纤维受损以及树突状细胞通讯丧失，角膜敏感性会受到损害。在糖尿病患者中，这种情况可以通过多种技术进行评估，如 Cochet Bonnet 测痛法、非接触式角膜测痛法和共聚焦显微镜检查。针对角膜敏感性受损的一些有前景的治疗靶点包括干细胞和生长因子疗法，可用于预防糖尿病神经营养性角膜病变患者的并发症。角膜敏感性受损是糖尿病神经病变的一个潜在标志物。医生、眼科医生和内科医生应通过角膜敏感性评估测试，预期观察到糖尿病神经病变患者出现以下变化的可能性。
