Van Acker Heleen H, Capsomidis Anna, Smits Evelien L, Van Tendeloo Viggo F
Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tumor Immunology Group (TIGR), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Cancer Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.
Front Immunol. 2017 Jul 24;8:892. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00892. eCollection 2017.
Over the past years, the phenotypic and functional boundaries distinguishing the main cell subsets of the immune system have become increasingly blurred. In this respect, CD56 (also known as neural cell adhesion molecule) is a very good example. CD56 is the archetypal phenotypic marker of natural killer cells but can actually be expressed by many more immune cells, including alpha beta T cells, gamma delta T cells, dendritic cells, and monocytes. Common to all these CD56-expressing cell types are strong immunostimulatory effector functions, including T helper 1 cytokine production and an efficient cytotoxic capacity. Interestingly, both numerical and functional deficiencies and phenotypic alterations of the CD56 immune cell fraction have been reported in patients with various infectious, autoimmune, or malignant diseases. In this review, we will discuss our current knowledge on the expression and function of CD56 in the hematopoietic system, both in health and disease.
在过去几年中，区分免疫系统主要细胞亚群的表型和功能界限越来越模糊。在这方面，CD56（也称为神经细胞黏附分子）就是一个很好的例子。CD56是自然杀伤细胞的典型表型标志物，但实际上它可由更多免疫细胞表达，包括αβT细胞、γδT细胞、树突状细胞和单核细胞。所有这些表达CD56的细胞类型都具有强大的免疫刺激效应功能，包括产生辅助性T细胞1细胞因子和高效的细胞毒性能力。有趣的是，在患有各种感染性、自身免疫性或恶性疾病的患者中，均已报道了CD56免疫细胞组分在数量和功能上的缺陷以及表型改变。在本综述中，我们将讨论目前关于CD56在造血系统中的表达和功能的知识，涵盖健康和疾病状态。
