Spaarne Gasthuis Academy, Spaarne Gasthuis Hospital, Hoofddorp, The Netherlands.
Athena Institute for Research on Innovation and Communication in Health and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Clin Nurs. 2017 Dec;26(23-24):4973-4984. doi: 10.1111/jocn.13996. Epub 2017 Oct 16.
To obtain in-depth insight into the perceptions of nurse academics and other stakeholders regarding the importance, facilitators and barriers for nurses combining clinical and academic work in university hospitals.
Combining clinical practice and academic work facilitates the use of research findings for high-quality patient care. However, nurse academics move away from the bedside because clinical academic careers for nurses have not yet been established in the Netherlands.
This qualitative study was conducted in two Dutch university hospitals and their affiliated medical faculties and universities of applied sciences. Data were collected between May 2015 and August 2016. We used purposive sampling for 24 interviews. We asked 14 participants in two focus groups for their perceptions of importance, facilitators and barriers in nurses' combined clinical and academic work in education and research. We audiotaped, transcribed and thematically analysed the interviews and focus groups.
Three themes related to perceived importance, facilitators and barriers: culture, leadership and infrastructure. These themes represent deficiencies in facilitating clinical academic careers for nurses. The current nursing culture emphasises direct patient care, which is perceived as an academic misfit. Leadership is lacking at all levels, resulting in the underuse of nurse academics and the absence of supporting structures for nurses who combine clinical and academic work.
The present nursing culture appears to be the root cause of the dearth of academic positions and established clinical academic posts.
A culture change would require a show of leadership that would promote and enable combined research, teaching and clinical practice and that would introduce clinical academic career pathways for nurses. Meanwhile, nurse academics should collaborate with established medical academics for whom combined roles are mainstream, and they should take advantage of their established infrastructure for success.
深入了解护士学者和其他利益相关者对护士在大学医院中结合临床和学术工作的重要性、促进因素和障碍的看法。
将临床实践与学术工作相结合有助于将研究结果用于高质量的患者护理。然而，由于荷兰尚未为护士建立临床学术职业，护士学者已经远离临床。
本定性研究在荷兰的两家大学医院及其附属医学院和应用科学大学进行。数据收集于 2015 年 5 月至 2016 年 8 月之间进行。我们使用目的抽样法对 24 名受访者进行了 24 次访谈。我们邀请了 14 名参与者参加两个焦点小组，讨论他们对护士在教育和研究中的临床与学术工作结合的重要性、促进因素和障碍的看法。我们对访谈和焦点小组进行了录音、转录和主题分析。
三个主题与感知的重要性、促进因素和障碍有关：文化、领导力和基础设施。这些主题代表了促进护士临床学术职业发展的不足之处。当前的护理文化强调直接的患者护理，这被认为是一种学术上的不匹配。各级领导都缺乏，导致护士学者的使用率低，以及缺乏支持护士结合临床和学术工作的结构。
目前的护理文化似乎是缺乏学术职位和建立临床学术职位的根本原因。
文化变革需要领导层的支持，这将促进和实现研究、教学和临床实践的结合，并为护士引入临床学术职业途径。同时，护士学者应与已经建立的医学学者合作，这些学者已经将这些角色结合在一起，并且他们应该利用他们已经建立的基础设施来取得成功。
