Bjerve K S, Mostad I L, Thoresen L
Am J Clin Nutr. 1987 Jan;45(1):66-77. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/45.1.66.
Alpha-linolenic acid deficiency is described in four adults fed by gastric tube. In plasma and erythrocytes, total lipid 20:3n-9 was slightly increased but total n-6 fatty acids, arachidonic acid, and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid were normal. Total n-3 fatty acids, 18:3n-3, 20:5n-3, 22:5n-3, and 22:6n-3 were decreased in both plasma and erythrocytes. Patients had a slight but definite scaly dermatitis, which disappeared with essential fatty acids supplementation. Simultaneously, levels of 18:3n-3, 20:5n-3, 22:5n-3, 22:6n-3, 20:3n-9, and total n-3 fatty acids became normal while 18:2n-6, 20:3n-6, 20:4n-6, and total n-6 acids were unchanged or slightly lowered. Estimated minimal daily requirement of linolenic acid and of long-chain unsaturated n-3 acids in adults is approximately 0.2-0.3% and 0.1-0.2%, respectively, of total energy intake. Results suggest that conversion of linolenic acid to 22:6n-3 is increased in linolenic acid deficiency.
在4名通过胃管进食的成年人中发现了α-亚麻酸缺乏症。在血浆和红细胞中，总脂质20:3n-9略有增加，但总n-6脂肪酸、花生四烯酸和二高-γ-亚麻酸均正常。血浆和红细胞中的总n-3脂肪酸、18:3n-3、20:5n-3、22:5n-3和22:6n-3均降低。患者有轻微但明确的鳞屑性皮炎，补充必需脂肪酸后症状消失。同时，18:3n-3、20:5n-3、22:5n-3、22:6n-3、20:3n-9和总n-3脂肪酸水平恢复正常，而18:2n-6、20:3n-6、20:4n-6和总n-6酸水平未变或略有降低。估计成年人亚麻酸和长链不饱和n-3酸的每日最低需求量分别约为总能量摄入的0.2-0.3%和0.1-0.2%。结果表明，在亚麻酸缺乏时，亚麻酸向22:6n-3的转化增加。
