Andrew Melissa K
Department of Public Health Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Division of Geriatric Medicine, Dalhousie University, Camp Hill Veterans' Memorial Building, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 2E1 Canada.
Eur J Ageing. 2005 Jun;2(2):137-148. doi: 10.1007/s10433-005-0031-8. Epub 2005 Jun 8.
This secondary analysis of the Health Survey for England 2000 aimed to investigate whether individual-level social capital is associated with care home residence and with function, mental health, and self-assessed health in older adults. Older adults in both care home and community residential settings were included. Two indicators of social capital, perceived social support and group participation, were considered for both care home and community-dwelling respondents. Amongst community dwellers, trust in others was considered as a third indicator. Functional impairment, psychiatric morbidity, and self-assessed health were used as indicators of health. Multivariable modelling was undertaken using logistic or ordinal logistic regression. The results show that severe lack of social support was associated with over twice the odds of care home residence, with increased odds of psychiatric morbidity in both care home and community settings, and with more severe functional impairment and worse self-assessed health in the community but not in care homes. Participation in more groups was associated with lower odds of functional impairment in both settings, and with lower odds of psychiatric morbidity and better self-assessed health among community but not among care home respondents. High levels of trust were associated with lower severity of functional impairment, reduced odds of psychiatric morbidity, and better self-assessed health. It is concluded that individual-level social capital was associated with care home residence and with indicators of physical, mental and self-assessed health. These associations differed between community and care home settings, and were generally stronger in the community.
这项对2000年英格兰健康调查的二次分析旨在调查个体层面的社会资本是否与老年人入住养老院以及功能、心理健康和自我评估的健康状况相关。研究纳入了养老院和社区居住环境中的老年人。对于养老院和社区居住的受访者，均考虑了社会资本的两个指标，即感知到的社会支持和群体参与度。在社区居民中，对他人的信任被视为第三个指标。功能障碍、精神疾病发病率和自我评估的健康状况被用作健康指标。使用逻辑回归或有序逻辑回归进行多变量建模。结果显示，严重缺乏社会支持与入住养老院的几率高出两倍以上相关，与养老院和社区环境中精神疾病发病率增加相关，与社区中更严重的功能障碍和更差的自我评估健康状况相关，但与养老院无关。在两种环境中，参与更多群体与功能障碍几率较低相关，在社区受访者中与精神疾病发病率较低和自我评估健康状况较好相关，但在养老院受访者中并非如此。高度信任与功能障碍严重程度较低、精神疾病发病率降低和自我评估健康状况较好相关。研究得出结论，个体层面的社会资本与入住养老院以及身体、心理和自我评估的健康指标相关。这些关联在社区和养老院环境之间存在差异，且在社区中通常更强。
