抑制控制在与年龄相关的工作记忆广度表现中的作用。
The role of inhibitory control in age-related operation span performance.
作者信息
Zeintl Melanie, Kliegel Matthias
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Dresden University of Technology, Zellescher Weg 17, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
出版信息
Eur J Ageing. 2007 Oct 11;4(4):213-217. doi: 10.1007/s10433-007-0066-0. eCollection 2007 Dec.
The present study was conducted to examine the inhibitory deficit theory on cognitive performance in old age. An experimental manipulation was applied to investigate if the efficiency of inhibitory control directly affects age-related working memory performance as measured by the operation span task. Forty-two older ( = 67 years, SD = 5.12) and 42 younger adults ( = 25 years, SD = 4.06) performed two versions of the operation span task that differed in the inhibitory demands placed on working memory. Age effects were confirmed for both versions of the operation span task. Importantly, the age effect was qualified by an age × inhibitory demands interaction indicating that age differences in the high inhibitory-demands condition were even larger than in the standard condition. In conclusion, this supports the assumption that inhibitory deficits contribute to age-related working memory performance.
本研究旨在检验关于老年认知表现的抑制缺陷理论。采用实验操作来探究抑制控制效率是否直接影响通过操作广度任务测量的与年龄相关的工作记忆表现。42名老年人（平均年龄 = 67岁，标准差 = 5.12）和42名年轻人（平均年龄 = 25岁，标准差 = 4.06）完成了两个版本的操作广度任务，这两个版本对工作记忆的抑制要求不同。两个版本的操作广度任务均证实了年龄效应。重要的是，年龄效应受到年龄×抑制要求交互作用的影响，表明高抑制要求条件下的年龄差异甚至大于标准条件下的年龄差异。总之，这支持了抑制缺陷导致与年龄相关的工作记忆表现这一假设。
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