Lundberg Tommy R, Weckström Kristoffer
a Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Physiology , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden.
b IFK Mariehamn Fotboll , Mariehamn , Finland.
Res Sports Med. 2017 Oct-Dec;25(4):408-420. doi: 10.1080/15438627.2017.1365296. Epub 2017 Aug 10.
This study examined the influence of fixture congestion on physical performance and biochemical variables in professional male footballers. After 3 competitive matches within a week (3M cycle), 16 players underwent blood sampling and field testing 72 h after the last match. The same tests were performed after a regular 1 match-week cycle (1M cycle). The 1M vs. 3M change scores were compared between Congested (high match exposure) and non-selected Control players. The change score in muscle soreness was greater (effect size 1.0; CI 0.0-1.9) in the Congested players than Controls, indicating a possible negative effect of fixture congestion. There were no effects on sprint and jump performance. The change in plasma (P)-Urea was greater in Congested players than controls (effect size 1.3; CI 0.3-2.2). The effects on other blood variables were either non-existing/trivial, or unclear. Altogether, physical fitness and immune function were not compromised by match congestion, yet some indices of physiological stress and muscle damage were still evident.
本研究调查了赛程密集对职业男性足球运动员身体机能和生化指标的影响。在一周内进行3场比赛（3M周期）后，16名球员在最后一场比赛72小时后接受了血液采样和场地测试。在常规的1场比赛周周期（1M周期）后进行了相同的测试。比较了赛程密集组（高比赛强度）和未入选的对照组球员之间1M与3M的变化得分。赛程密集组球员的肌肉酸痛变化得分高于对照组（效应量为1.0；置信区间为0.0 - 1.9），表明赛程密集可能产生负面影响。对短跑和跳跃成绩没有影响。赛程密集组球员的血浆尿素变化大于对照组（效应量为1.3；置信区间为0.3 - 2.2）。对其他血液指标的影响要么不存在/微不足道，要么不明确。总体而言，比赛密集并未损害身体素质和免疫功能，但生理应激和肌肉损伤的一些指标仍然明显。
