Nguyen Van Anh Thi, Könings Karen D, Scherpbier Albert J J A, Wright Pamela, Luu Hoat Ngoc, van Merriënboer Jeroen J G
Department of Medical Education and Skills Laboratory, Hanoi Medical University, 1 Tonthattung, Dongda, Hanoi, Vietnam.
School of Health Professions Education (SHE), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
BMC Res Notes. 2017 Aug 10;10(1):383. doi: 10.1186/s13104-017-2706-6.
Challenges in recruiting and retaining medical staff in preventive medical specialties have recently been the subject of numerous studies. To improve selection procedures, it is important to understand the career preferences and incentives of students in preventive medicine (PM), who initially marked the program as either their first choice or second choice. 1386 PM students in four Vietnamese medical schools participated in a survey using a structured, written questionnaire. Students were asked about their reasons for entering medical school and studying PM, their perceptions of PM during the academic course, and their expected career path following graduation.
First-choice PM students (group 1) more often had siblings working as a preventive doctor, while second-choice PM students' siblings (group 2) were more often medical students or clinical doctors. Group 1 had gathered more information about PM by consulting their high-school teachers and the national career guide. They were mainly drawn to the PM program by the newness of the profession, the prospect of a high-income job, its low entry criteria and low study burden compared to general medicine, their desire to uphold their family tradition, and to fulfill their family's wish of having a doctor in the family. Group 2 chose to study PM because they wanted to pursue their dream of becoming a doctor. Compared to the first group, their perception of PM more frequently changed during the later years of the curriculum and they more frequently envisioned becoming a clinical doctor following graduation.
Interest in and motivation for PM may be cultivated among prospective or current students by improving information provision, diffusing knowledge, and otherwise acquainting students better with the PM specialty before and during the program.
近期，预防医学专业医护人员的招聘和留用问题成为众多研究的主题。为改进选拔程序，了解预防医学（PM）专业学生的职业偏好和动机非常重要，这些学生最初将该专业列为第一或第二选择。越南四所医学院的1386名预防医学专业学生参与了一项使用结构化书面问卷的调查。学生们被问及进入医学院并学习预防医学的原因、他们在学术课程中对预防医学的看法以及毕业后期望的职业道路。
第一志愿选择预防医学专业的学生（第1组）中，有更多人的兄弟姐妹是预防医学医生，而第二志愿选择预防医学专业的学生（第2组）的兄弟姐妹更多是医学生或临床医生。第1组通过咨询高中教师和国家职业指南收集了更多关于预防医学的信息。他们选择预防医学专业主要是因为该专业新颖、有高收入工作的前景、与普通医学相比入学标准低且学习负担轻、他们希望传承家族传统以及满足家人希望家中有一名医生的愿望。第2组选择学习预防医学是因为他们想追求成为医生的梦想。与第一组相比，他们在课程后期对预防医学的看法更频繁地发生变化，并且他们更频繁地设想毕业后成为一名临床医生。
通过改善信息提供、传播知识以及在课程之前和期间让学生更好地了解预防医学专业，可以在未来或现有学生中培养对预防医学的兴趣和动力。
