Mellin-Olsen Jannicke
Baerum Hospital, Sandvika, Norway.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2017 Jul 26;4:111. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2017.00111. eCollection 2017.
Counting health personnel and defining migration is more complicated than one should think at first glance. Migrating health workers are not a homogenous group, and many factors cause people to migrate-not only low wages but also lack of professional development possibilities, poor job satisfaction, outdated equipment, unsafe environment, and more. The opposite factors encourage people to stay. Many countries, including high-income countries benefit from remittances from migrating individuals. The World Health Organization has installed a code of Practice on the international recruitment of health workers. Although member countries have committed to follow this Code, it is not widely adhered to. Planning for the future is difficult, also because there are so many unknown factors related to the development of health-care levels, policies, inflow and outflow and more. Action must be taken in both donor and receiving countries. In anesthesiology, there is a huge workforce deficit globally. The world would need 136,000 additional physician anesthesia providers today to achieve an absolute minimum of five per 100,000 population. This will not happen unless all countries follow those that already have taken proactive steps in leading the direction forward. Anaesthesiology Society involvement is crucial.
统计卫生人员数量以及界定人员流动比乍看之下要复杂得多。流动的卫生工作者并非一个同质化群体,导致人们流动的因素众多——不仅有低工资,还有缺乏职业发展机会、工作满意度低、设备陈旧、环境不安全等等。相反的因素则促使人们留下来。包括高收入国家在内的许多国家都受益于移民个人的汇款。世界卫生组织制定了关于卫生工作者国际招聘的行为准则。尽管成员国已承诺遵守该准则,但并未得到广泛遵守。对未来进行规划也很困难,这还因为与医疗保健水平发展、政策、人员流入和流出等相关的未知因素太多。援助国和接受国都必须采取行动。在麻醉学领域,全球存在巨大的劳动力短缺。如今,世界需要额外增加13.6万名麻醉科医生,才能实现每10万人至少有5名麻醉科医生的绝对最低标准。除非所有国家都效仿那些已经积极采取措施引领前进方向的国家,否则这一目标无法实现。麻醉学会的参与至关重要。