Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Escola de Nutrição, Departamento Ciência da Nutrição, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Instituto de Matemática, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2018 Mar-Apr;94(2):155-161. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2017.05.005. Epub 2017 Aug 9.
There is a lack of data on the association between body self-perception and eating patterns in Brazil. Thus, this study aimed to explore the relationship between body image dissatisfaction and eating patterns by the anthropometric status in adolescents.
A cross-sectional study of 1496 adolescents was conducted. The participants completed the Body Shape Questionnaire. Demographic, anthropometric, and socioeconomic data were collected, as well as information regarding the pubertal development and dietary intake. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate the associations of interest.
Body image dissatisfaction was identified in 19.5% of the adolescents. Three dietary patterns were identified: (1) the Western pattern was composed of sweets and sugars, soft drinks, typical dishes, pastries, fast food, beef, milk, and dairy products; (2) the Traditional pattern was composed of oils, chicken, fish, eggs, processed meat products, cereals (rice, cassava flour, pasta, etc.), baked beans, and bread; and (3) the Restrictive pattern was composed of granola, roots, vegetables, and fruit. Among overweight/obese adolescents, the data indicated a negative association of slight body image dissatisfaction (OR: 0.240 [0.100; 0.576]) and moderate body image dissatisfaction (OR: 0.235 [0.086; 0.645]) with the Western dietary pattern. Additionally, in this group, there was a positive association between high body image dissatisfaction and the Restrictive pattern (OR: 2.794 [1.178; 6.630]).
Amongst overweight/obese adolescents, those with slight and moderate body image dissatisfaction were less likely to follow a Western-like dietary pattern when compared with those satisfied with their body image. Additionally, in this group, adolescents with high body image dissatisfaction was more likely to follow a restrictive pattern.
巴西缺乏关于身体自我认知与饮食模式之间关联的相关数据。因此，本研究旨在通过青少年的人体测量学状况，探讨身体意象不满与饮食模式之间的关系。
本研究为横断面研究，共纳入 1496 名青少年。参与者完成了身体形状问卷。收集了人口统计学、人体测量学和社会经济数据，以及青春期发育和饮食摄入信息。采用逻辑回归评估了感兴趣的关联。
19.5%的青少年存在身体意象不满。确定了三种饮食模式：（1）西式模式由甜食和糖、软饮料、典型菜肴、糕点、快餐、牛肉、牛奶和奶制品组成；（2）传统模式由油、鸡肉、鱼、鸡蛋、加工肉类产品、谷物（大米、木薯粉、意大利面等）、烤豆和面包组成；（3）限制模式由格兰诺拉麦片、根茎类蔬菜、蔬菜和水果组成。在超重/肥胖青少年中，数据表明，轻度身体意象不满（OR：0.240[0.100；0.576]）和中度身体意象不满（OR：0.235[0.086；0.645]）与西式饮食模式呈负相关。此外，在该组中，高度身体意象不满与限制模式呈正相关（OR：2.794[1.178；6.630]）。
在超重/肥胖青少年中，与对自己的身体形象满意的青少年相比，那些对自己的身体形象有轻微和中度不满的青少年不太可能遵循类似西方的饮食模式。此外，在该组中，对身体意象不满程度较高的青少年更有可能遵循限制模式。
