Zembowicz Artur
Lahey Clinic, 41 Mall Road, Burlington, MA 018056, USA; www.DermatopathologyConsultations.com, C/O Harvard Vanguard Medical Associates Laboratories, 152 2nd Avenue, Needhan, MA 02494, USA.
Clin Lab Med. 2017 Sep;37(3):401-415. doi: 10.1016/j.cll.2017.05.001. Epub 2017 Jul 4.
The major entities related to blue nevus are common blue nevus, cellular blue nevus, atypical blue nevus, and malignant blue nevus. These lesions share presence of dermal pigmented dendritic melanocytes derived from embryonal precursors to melanocytes, Schwann cells, and glial cells migrating to the skin from the ventral neural crest. Genetically, blue nevi harbor mutations in G-protein-coupled receptor subunits GNAQ and GNA11. Progression to malignant blue nevus is associated with additional mutations and partial gains and losses of chromosomal material. This article discusses recent advances in pathology of blue nevi with emphasis on differential diagnosis and molecular pathology.
与蓝痣相关的主要病变包括普通蓝痣、细胞性蓝痣、非典型蓝痣和恶性蓝痣。这些病变都存在真皮内色素性树突状黑素细胞，其来源于黑素细胞、雪旺细胞和神经胶质细胞的胚胎前体，这些细胞从腹侧神经嵴迁移至皮肤。在基因方面，蓝痣存在G蛋白偶联受体亚基GNAQ和GNA11的突变。进展为恶性蓝痣与额外的突变以及染色体物质的部分获得和缺失有关。本文讨论了蓝痣病理学的最新进展，重点是鉴别诊断和分子病理学。
